Summary
In Toppin, the Appellate Division affirmed the decision of the Supreme Court to grant summary judgment to defendants, which included a funeral home and the Town of Hempstead.
Summary of this case from Gutnick v. Hebrew Free Burial Soc'y for the Poor BrooklynOpinion
2013-04308, Index No. 8282/10.
10-15-2014
Dorothy TOPPIN, etc., et al., appellants, v. TOWN OF HEMPSTEAD, et al., respondents.
Turkewitz Law Firm (Alexander J. Wulwick, New York, N.Y., of counsel), for appellants. Berkman, Henoch, Peterson, Peddy & Fenchel, P.C., Garden City, N.Y. (Randy S. Nissan of counsel), for respondent Town of Hempstead. Wilson Elser Moskowitz Edelman & Dicker LLP, White Plains, N.Y. (Debra A. Adler, Cary Maynard, and Jeremy Buchalski of counsel), for respondent Carl C. Burnett Funeral Home, Inc.
Turkewitz Law Firm (Alexander J. Wulwick, New York, N.Y., of counsel), for appellants. Berkman, Henoch, Peterson, Peddy & Fenchel, P.C., Garden City, N.Y. (Randy S. Nissan of counsel), for respondent Town of Hempstead.
Wilson Elser Moskowitz Edelman & Dicker LLP, White Plains, N.Y. (Debra A. Adler, Cary Maynard, and Jeremy Buchalski of counsel), for respondent Carl C. Burnett Funeral Home, Inc.
WILLIAM F. MASTRO, J.P., CHERYL E. CHAMBERS, SANDRA L. SGROI, and HECTOR D. LaSALLE, JJ.
Opinion In an action, inter alia, to recover damages for violation of the common-law right of sepulcher, the plaintiffs appeal from an order and judgment (one paper) of the Supreme Court, Nassau County (Palmieri, J.), dated March 8, 2013, which granted the motion of the defendant Town of Hempstead pursuant to CPLR 3211(a)(7) to dismiss the complaint insofar as asserted against it, and the separate motion of the defendant Carl C. Burnett Funeral Home, Inc., in effect, pursuant to CPLR 3211(a)(7) to dismiss the complaint insofar as asserted against it, and thereupon dismissed the complaint.
ORDERED that the order and judgment is affirmed, with one bill of costs.
The plaintiffs contend that the Supreme Court improperly converted motions in limine made by the defendant Town of Hempstead and the defendant Carl C. Burnett Funeral Home, Inc. (hereinafter Burnett), into motions for summary judgment (see Rivera v. City of New York, 306 A.D.2d 456, 457, 762 N.Y.S.2d 258 ). They further contend that the court compounded its error by entertaining the motions for summary judgment even though they were untimely and the defendants failed to provide excuses for the lack of timeliness (see Brewi–Bijoux v. City of New York, 73 A.D.3d 1112, 1113, 900 N.Y.S.2d 885 ). The plaintiffs' contentions are without merit. As an initial matter, the Town expressly moved to dismiss the complaint, and clearly argued that the plaintiffs had failed to state a cause of action. While Burnett erroneously denominated its motion as a motion in limine, the Supreme Court, based on the arguments presented, properly construed it as a motion to dismiss for failure to state a cause of action. Unlike a motion for summary judgment, a motion to dismiss for failure to state a cause of action may be made at any time (see Stolarski v. Family Servs. of Westchester, Inc., 110 A.D.3d 980, 982, 973 N.Y.S.2d 725 ). Accordingly, the court properly assessed the merits of both motions.
Upon considering the merits, the Supreme Court properly granted the motions and dismissed the complaint insofar as asserted against both defendants. “The common-law right of sepulcher gives the next of kin the absolute right to the immediate possession of a decedent's body for preservation and burial or other disposition of the remains, and damages may be awarded against any person who unlawfully interferes with that right or improperly deals with the decedent's body” (Mack v. Brown, 82 A.D.3d 133, 137, 919 N.Y.S.2d 166 ; see Shipley v. City of New York, 80 A.D.3d 171, 908 N.Y.S.2d 425 ; Melfi v. Mount Sinai Hosp., 64 A.D.3d 26, 31, 877 N.Y.S.2d 300 ). The plaintiffs' sparse allegations that the defendants buried their decedent in the wrong grave and then re-interred him in the correct grave without their notice or consent failed to state a cause of action for violation of the common-law right of sepulcher (see Matter of LaMore v. Sumner, 46 A.D.3d 1262, 1263–1264, 848 N.Y.S.2d 754 ; cf. Henderson v. Kingsbrook Jewish Med. Ctr., 91 A.D.3d 720, 720–721, 936 N.Y.S.2d 318 ). The plaintiffs similarly failed to state a cause of action for desecration of a grave (see
Brandenburg v. St. Michael's Cemetery, 92 A.D.3d 631, 631–633, 938 N.Y.S.2d 159 ). Moreover, no common-law cause of action for wrongful disinterment exists in New York (see Schultes v. Kane, 50 A.D.3d 1277, 1278, 856 N.Y.S.2d 684 ; Unz v. Greenfield Cemetery, 234 A.D.2d 360, 361, 651 N.Y.S.2d 106 ; Orlin v. Torf, 126 A.D.2d 252, 255, 513 N.Y.S.2d 870 ). Lastly, the plaintiffs correctly concede that Not–for–Profit Corporation Law § 1510(e) is inapplicable to this case (see NCPL 1503[a] ).