Opinion
2020–02064 Ind. No. 554/17
10-05-2022
The PEOPLE, etc., respondent, v. Santiago SALCEDO, appellant.
Randall D. Unger, Kew Gardens, NY, for appellant. Melinda Katz, District Attorney, Kew Gardens, NY (Johnnette Traill and Aaron Spurlock of counsel), for respondent.
Randall D. Unger, Kew Gardens, NY, for appellant.
Melinda Katz, District Attorney, Kew Gardens, NY (Johnnette Traill and Aaron Spurlock of counsel), for respondent.
VALERIE BRATHWAITE NELSON, J.P., CHERYL E. CHAMBERS, PAUL WOOTEN, WILLIAM G. FORD, JJ.
DECISION & ORDER Appeal by the defendant from a judgment of the Supreme Court, Queens County (Ronald D. Hollie, J.), rendered February 7, 2020, convicting him of manslaughter in the first degree, attempted assault in the first degree, and criminal possession of a weapon in the second degree (two counts), upon a jury verdict, and imposing sentence. The appeal brings up for review the denial, after a hearing, of that branch of the defendant's omnibus motion which was to suppress identification testimony.
ORDERED that the judgment is affirmed.
Contrary to the defendant's contention, the Supreme Court properly denied that branch of his omnibus motion which was to suppress identification testimony. "While the fillers used in a lineup must be sufficiently similar to the defendant so that no characteristic or visual clue would orient the viewer toward the defendant as a perpetrator of the crimes charged, there is no requirement that a defendant in a lineup be accompanied by individuals nearly identical in appearance" ( People v. Baez, 172 A.D.3d 893, 893, 100 N.Y.S.3d 93 [citation and internal quotation marks omitted]; see People v. Chipp, 75 N.Y.2d 327, 335, 553 N.Y.S.2d 72, 552 N.E.2d 608 ). Here, the defendant failed to establish that the lineup identification procedure was unduly suggestive, as a review of the lineup photograph reveals that the lineup fillers possessed physical characteristics which were reasonably similar to those of the defendant, and that the police took reasonable steps to conceal any differences between the appearances of the lineup participants and the defendant (see People v. Costan, 197 A.D.3d 716, 721–722, 152 N.Y.S.3d 162 ; People v. Benshitrit, 185 A.D.3d 1046, 1047–1048, 126 N.Y.S.3d 194 ). Further, the photograph taken of the lineup reflects that the age disparities between the defendant and the fillers were not so apparent as to "orient the viewer toward the defendant as a perpetrator of the crimes charged" ( People v. Dorcil, 194 A.D.3d 1069, 1070, 144 N.Y.S.3d 394 [internal quotation marks omitted]; see People v. Dunaway, 207 A.D.3d 742, 172 N.Y.S.3d 108 ).
The defendant's contention that his conviction of attempted assault in the first degree was not based on legally sufficient evidence is without merit. Viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the prosecution (see People v. Contes, 60 N.Y.2d 620, 621, 467 N.Y.S.2d 349, 454 N.E.2d 932 ), we find that it was legally sufficient to establish the defendant's guilt of attempted assault in the first degree beyond a reasonable doubt. Moreover, in fulfilling our responsibility to conduct an independent review of the weight of the evidence (see CPL 470.15[5] ; People v. Danielson, 9 N.Y.3d 342, 849 N.Y.S.2d 480, 880 N.E.2d 1 ), we nevertheless accord great deference to the jury's opportunity to view the witnesses, hear the testimony, and observe demeanor (see People v. Mateo, 2 N.Y.3d 383, 779 N.Y.S.2d 399, 811 N.E.2d 1053 ; People v. Bleakley, 69 N.Y.2d 490, 515 N.Y.S.2d 761, 508 N.E.2d 672 ). Upon reviewing the record here, we are satisfied that the verdict of guilt with respect to that count was not against the weight of the evidence (see People v. Romero, 7 N.Y.3d 633, 826 N.Y.S.2d 163, 859 N.E.2d 902 ).
The defendant failed to preserve for appellate review his contention that the prosecutor made improper comments to the prospective jurors during voir dire (see CPL 470.05[2] ). In any event, the challenged remarks were appropriately directed at determining the prospective jurors' views on issues likely to be presented at trial (see People v. Horton, 181 A.D.3d 986, 996, 119 N.Y.S.3d 296 ; People v. Guay, 72 A.D.3d 1201, 1203, 898 N.Y.S.2d 353 ).
The defendant's contention that certain comments made by the prosecutor in her summation were improper and deprived him of a fair trial is unpreserved for appellate review (see CPL 470.05[2] ; People v. Morris, 2 A.D.3d 652, 768 N.Y.S.2d 379 ; People v. McHarris, 297 A.D.2d 824, 748 N.Y.S.2d 57 ). In any event, most of the challenged remarks constituted fair comment on the evidence and the inferences to be drawn therefrom (see People v. Fuhrtz, 115 A.D.3d 760, 981 N.Y.S.2d 611 ; People v. Birot, 99 A.D.3d 933, 952 N.Y.S.2d 293 ; People v. Guevara–Carrero, 92 A.D.3d 693, 938 N.Y.S.2d 185 ; People v. McHarris, 297 A.D.2d at 825, 748 N.Y.S.2d 57 ), or were fair response to defense counsel's comments during summation (see People v. Adamo, 309 A.D.2d 808, 765 N.Y.S.2d 651 ; People v. Clark, 222 A.D.2d 446, 634 N.Y.S.2d 714 ; People v. Vaughn, 209 A.D.2d 459, 619 N.Y.S.2d 573 ), and any improper statements "were not so flagrant or pervasive as to [have deprived] the defendant [of] a fair trial ( People v. Almonte, 23 A.D.3d 392, 394, 806 N.Y.S.2d 95 ; see People v. Adolph, 206 A.D.3d 753, 167 N.Y.S.3d 821 ).
The defendant's contention that the prosecutor improperly asked him on cross-examination whether certain testimony of a prosecution witness was "a lie" is unpreserved for appellate review (see CPL 470.05[2] ; People v. Damon, 78 A.D.3d 860, 861, 911 N.Y.S.2d 127 ). In any event, while this line of questioning by the prosecutor was improper (see People v. Cosme, 110 A.D.3d 1096, 973 N.Y.S.2d 765 ; People v. Berrios, 298 A.D.2d 597, 750 N.Y.S.2d 302 ), the error was harmless, as there was overwhelming evidence of the defendant's guilt and no significant probability that the impropriety in the prosecutor's cross-examination contributed to the defendant's convictions (see People v. Crimmins, 36 N.Y.2d 230, 241–242, 367 N.Y.S.2d 213, 326 N.E.2d 787 ; People v. Bonds, 85 A.D.3d 1195, 1196, 926 N.Y.S.2d 299 ).
The sentence imposed was not excessive (see People v. Suitte, 90 A.D.2d 80, 85–86, 455 N.Y.S.2d 675 ).
BRATHWAITE NELSON, J.P., CHAMBERS, WOOTEN and FORD, JJ., concur.