Opinion
No. KA 09-02439.
June 10, 2011.
Appeal from a judgment of the Monroe County Court (Stephen R. Sirkin, J.), rendered January 29, 2008. The judgment convicted defendant, upon his plea of guilty, of attempted robbery in the first degree.
TIMOTHY P. DONAHER, PUBLIC DEFENDER, ROCHESTER (DAVID M. ABBATOY, JR., OF COUNSEL), FOR DEFENDANT-APPELLANT.
MICHAEL C. GREEN, DISTRICT ATTORNEY, ROCHESTER (LESLIE E. SWIFT OF COUNSEL), FOR RESPONDENT.
Present — Centra, J.P., Peradotto, Lindley and Sconiers, JJ.
It is hereby ordered that the judgment so appealed from is unanimously affirmed.
Memorandum: On appeal from a judgment of County Court (Sirkin, J.) convicting him, upon his plea of guilty, of attempted robbery in the first degree (Penal Law §§ 110.00, 160.15), defendant contends that Supreme Court (Affronti, J.) erred in determining following a pretrial hearing that the victim had an independent basis for his in-court identification of defendant. We reject that contention. Factors to consider in determining whether there is an independent basis for an incourt identification despite the use of otherwise improper identification procedures include "the opportunity of the witness to view the criminal at the time of the crime, the witness' degree of attention, the accuracy of the witness' prior description of the criminal, the level of certainty demonstrated by the witness at the confrontation, and the length of time between the crime and the confrontation" ( Neil v Biggers, 409 US 188, 199-200; see People v Smart, 305 AD2d 1110, lv denied 100 NY2d 566). The People must establish the existence of an independent basis for the identification by clear and convincing evidence ( see People v Chipp, 75 NY2d 327, 335, cert denied 498 US 833), and the suppression court's decision will not be disturbed if it is supported by "sufficient evidence" in the record ( People v Yukl, 25 NY2d 585, 588, cert denied 400 US 851; see also People v Youngblood, 294 AD2d 954, 955, lv denied 98 NY2d 704). Here, there is ample evidence that the victim had an independent basis for identifying defendant. The victim testified that he viewed the perpetrator face-to-face for 30 to 45 seconds in a well-lit area, and the victim's description of the perpetrator was sufficiently specific to establish that he had a clear view of him at the time of the crime ( see People v Tindale, 295 AD2d 987, lv denied 98 NY2d 714; People v Bostic [appeal No. 2], 222 AD2d 1073, lv denied 88 NY2d 876; People v Neese, 138 AD2d 531).