Opinion
1030 CA 17-00373.
09-29-2017
Lisa M. MILLIGAN, Plaintiff–Respondent, v. Kevin BIFULCO and Aalmost There Towing, LLC, Defendants–Appellants.
Burden, Hafner & Hansen, LLC, Buffalo (Sarah Hansen of Counsel), for Defendants–Appellants. Ramos & Ramos, Buffalo (Joshua I. Ramos of Counsel), for Plaintiff–Respondent.
Burden, Hafner & Hansen, LLC, Buffalo (Sarah Hansen of Counsel), for Defendants–Appellants.
Ramos & Ramos, Buffalo (Joshua I. Ramos of Counsel), for Plaintiff–Respondent.
PRESENT: CENTRA, J.P., CARNI, LINDLEY, TROUTMAN, AND WINSLOW, JJ.
MEMORANDUM:
In this personal injury action, defendants appeal from an order that, among other things, denied those parts of their cross motion seeking authorizations for, inter alia, records from plaintiff's health insurance carriers, as well as plaintiff's school and mental health records.
We agree with defendants that, based on the broad and all- encompassing allegations of physical injury, the records sought from plaintiff's health insurance carriers are " ‘material and necessary’ to the defense of this action ( CPLR 3101[a] ), inasmuch as they may contain information ‘reasonably calculated to lead to relevant evidence’ " ( Goetchius v. Spavento, 84 A.D.3d 1712, 1713, 922 N.Y.S.2d 905 ). We therefore modify the order by granting that part of the cross motion seeking to compel plaintiff to provide authorizations for the disclosure of those records. We conclude, however, that disclosure should be made to Supreme Court "in camera so that irrelevant information is not disclosed to defendants" (id. ).
We further agree with defendants that they established that plaintiff's "special education, educational plans, IEP, [and] Section 504 records" (special education records), as sought in demands 33 through 37, are relevant, or likely to lead to evidence that would be relevant to plaintiff's claims of a loss of "economic capacity" (cf. McGuane v. M.C.A., Inc., 182 A.D.2d 1081, 1082, 583 N.Y.S.2d 73 ). For similar reasons, we conclude that defendants established that plaintiff's records from ITT Tech may contain information " ‘reasonably calculated to lead to relevant evidence’ " ( Goetchius, 84 A.D.3d at 1713, 922 N.Y.S.2d 905 ). We therefore further modify the order by granting those parts of the cross motion seeking to compel plaintiff to provide authorizations for the disclosure of those records. We note again that, because "the records may contain some privileged material, they should be reviewed in camera by the ... [c]ourt[,] and privileged material, if any, should be redacted before giving [defendants] access to the records" ( Rojas–Onofre v. Lutheran Med. Ctr., 35 A.D.3d 832, 833, 827 N.Y.S.2d 271 ).
Contrary to plaintiff's contention, the court was not bound by the law of the case to follow an earlier order denying disclosure of the special education records. "The prior motion[s] preceded [plaintiff's] deposition, which introduced additional evidence and raised further issues, ‘thereby precluding application of the law of the case doctrine’ " ( Ziolkowski v. Han–Tek, Inc., 126 A.D.3d 1431, 1432, 6 N.Y.S.3d 819 ; cf. Francisco v. General Motors Corp., 277 A.D.2d 975, 976, 716 N.Y.S.2d 509 ). "In any event, the law of the case is not binding upon this Court's review of the order" ( Ziolkowski, 126 A.D.3d at 1432, 6 N.Y.S.3d 819 ).
We conclude, however, that the court properly denied that part of the cross motion seeking authorizations for plaintiff's preaccident mental health records. In seeking disclosure of those records, defendants contended that such evidence was relevant to plaintiff's claims for "a head injury with alleged cognitive deficits and memory loss." Inasmuch as plaintiff has since withdrawn all claims related to her cognitive deficits and memory loss, we agree with plaintiff that she should not be compelled to disclose her mental health and counseling records, including those contained in her school records (see Alford v. City of New York, 116 A.D.3d 483, 484, 983 N.Y.S.2d 522 ; Cruci v. General Elec. Co., 33 A.D.3d 840, 840, 824 N.Y.S.2d 316 ).
Contrary to the further contention of defendants, the court did not abuse its discretion in declining to award them sanctions or counsel fees inasmuch as the conduct of plaintiff's attorney "was not ‘completely without merit in law’ " ( Childs v. Cobado, 302 A.D.2d 914, 915, 755 N.Y.S.2d 351, quoting 22 NYCRR 130–1.1 [c][1]; see generally Vogt v. Witmeyer, 212 A.D.2d 1013, 1014, 622 N.Y.S.2d 393, affd. 87 N.Y.2d 998, 642 N.Y.S.2d 619, 665 N.E.2d 189 ). Finally, although defendants contend that the court erred in refusing to direct plaintiff to answer certain questions at a future deposition, that part of the order is not appealable as of right (see Di Chiara v. Kaleida Health, 306 A.D.2d 901, 901–902, 761 N.Y.S.2d 907 ; see also Mayer v. Hoang, 83 A.D.3d 1516, 1518, 921 N.Y.S.2d 426 ). We decline to treat the notice of appeal as an application for leave to appeal under CPLR 5701(c) with respect to that issue inasmuch as there is nothing in the record that would warrant the granting of leave to appeal on our own motion (see Braverman v. Bendiner & Schlesinger, Inc., 85 A.D.3d 1074, 1074, 926 N.Y.S.2d 315 ; Nappi v. North Shore Univ. Hosp., 31 A.D.3d 509, 510–511, 819 N.Y.S.2d 71 ; cf. Mayer, 83 A.D.3d at 1518, 921 N.Y.S.2d 426 ; Roggow v. Walker, 303 A.D.2d 1003, 1003–1004, 757 N.Y.S.2d 410 ).
It is hereby ORDERED that said appeal from the order insofar as it relates to the seventh ordering paragraph is unanimously dismissed and the order is modified on the law by granting those parts of the cross motion seeking to compel plaintiff to provide authorizations for disclosure of plaintiff's health insurance records, plaintiff's school records, including specific authorization for the release of "special education, educational plans, IEP, [and] Section 504 records," except to the extent that such school records pertain to mental health and counseling, and plaintiff's ITT Tech records, and as modified the order is affirmed without costs.