Opinion
February 12, 1987.
Motor vehicles — Inspection certificate — Suspension — Scope of appellate review — Fraud — Penalty — Faulty inspection.
1. The scope of review of the Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania in an inspection certificate suspension case is limited to a determination of whether the findings of the trial court are supported by substantial evidence or whether an error of law was committed. [3]
2. In a motor vehicle inspection certificate suspension case, when the issue of fraud is not raised in the de novo hearing before the trial court and when no evidence of fraud is presented, it is error for the trial court to find a violation of fraudulent record keeping. [3-4]
3. The act of completing an official motor vehicle inspection form improperly with information obtained from a safety check form and without doing an actual inspection is distinct from the act of neglecting to inspect the vehicle adequately and justifies the imposition of a separate penalty. [4-5]
4. Affixing a certificate of inspection to a motor vehicle without performing an official state inspection is per se a faulty inspection, and it is irrelevant whether the vehicle would have passed a proper inspection. [5-6]
Submitted on briefs November 21, 1986, to Judges MacPHAIL and PALLADINO, and Senior Judge BARBIERI, sitting as a panel of three.
Appeal, No. 1157 C.D. 1985, from the Order of the Court of Common Pleas of Lehigh County in the case of Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of Transportation v. Kelly Buick, Inc., No. 84-C-1820.
Official inspection certificate suspended by the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation. Station owner appealed to the Court of Common Pleas of Lehigh County. Appeal denied. BACKENSTOE, P.J. Station owner appealed to the Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania. Held: Affirmed as modified.
Michael J. Piosa, Weaver, Mosebach, Piosa, Hixson, Wallitsch, Marles, for appellant.
Christopher J. Clements, Assistant Counsel, with him, Harold H. Cramer, Assistant Counsel, Spencer A. Manthorpe, Chief Counsel, and Henry G. Barr, General Counsel, for appellee.
Kelly Buick, Inc. (Appellant) appeals an order of the Lehigh County Court of Common Pleas which reinstated a three-month suspension of its certificate of appointment as an official inspection station by the Department of Transportation (Department). We affirm the trial court order, as modified.
On July 27, 1984, Appellant was notified by the Department that it was being charged with furnishing a certificate of inspection without an inspection or faulty inspection and fraudulent or improper record keeping by one of Appellant's inspection mechanics, Peter J. Grande. The charges were based on a report submitted by a Pennsylvania State Police inspector regarding alleged defects in a used vehicle sold by Appellant bearing a new inspection sticker signed by Mr. Grande.
Following a hearing, Appellant's certificate of appointment as an official inspection station was suspended, pursuant to Section 4724(a) of the Vehicle Code, as amended, 75 Pa. C. S. § 4724(a), for three months for faulty inspection and three months for improper record keeping, to run concurrently.
Appellant appealed the suspension to the court of common pleas which issued a supersedeas of the suspension order and granted a hearing on the suspension. After a de novo hearing, the court entered an order stating that it was making the same findings as the Department, namely that Appellant "performed a faulty inspection and had kept fraudulent or improper records," and reinstating the three-month suspension.
On April 30, 1985, Appellant filed a notice of appeal with this Court and the court of common pleas granted a stay of its order.
Appellant argues before our Court that the trial court (1) erred in concluding that it maintained fraudulent or improper records; (2) erred in finding a faulty inspection without substantial evidence; and (3) erred in reinstating the suspension instead of issuing a warning.
Our scope of review in an inspection certificate suspension case is limited to a determination of whether or not the findings of the trial court are supported by substantial evidence or an error of law was committed. Commonwealth v. Lossie, 96 Pa. Commw. 553, 507 A.2d 1312 (1986).
Appellant argues, first of all, that the trial court incorrectly found the violation of "fraudulent" record keeping when that issue was not before it. The Department's original notification to Appellant did include the charge of fraudulent record keeping. Notwithstanding the statement in the trial court's order and memorandum opinion to the contrary, the Department's decision which Appellant appealed to the trial court included the finding of improper record keeping only. The issue of fraud was not raised in the de novo hearing and no evidence of fraud was presented. We agree with Appellant therefore that the trial court could not rule on the issue of fraud as it was not presented with it. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Traffic Safety v. Searer, 50 Pa. Commw. 468, 413 A.2d 1157 (1980). As such, the court did err in including the violation of fraudulent record keeping in its order and we will modify it accordingly.
We reject Appellant's argument, however, that the trial court erred in finding improper record keeping. Appellant's mechanic, Mr. Grande, testified before the trial court that on June 1, 1984 he was asked to inspect a used car that was to be delivered to a customer that day. He "tested" the car on the road by driving it approximately one mile and then checked the lights. He then referred to a record of a "safety check," previously performed by another of Appellant's mechanics, which Mr. Grande admits is not an official state inspection. See R.R. at 34a. Mr. Grande thereupon affixed to the car a state inspection sticker knowing that this was improper because he had not personally inspected the car. R.R. at 36a-37a.
Appellant argues that this conduct may prove a faulty inspection but that it does "not have anything to do with record keeping." It contends that the Department should be precluded from charging both violations under our decision in Department of Transportation v. Sortino, 75 Pa. Commw. 541, 462 A.2d 925 (1983). We believe that Appellant's reliance on Sortino is misplaced.
In Sortino, the Department charged an inspection station with fraudulent record keeping and found that this in and of itself constituted a faulty inspection. We affirmed the trial court's finding that neither charge was supported by substantial evidence, concluding that the two violations are separate offenses under the Department's regulations and therefore must be established independently.
In the case sub judice, there is substantial evidence to support both the improper record keeping violation and the faulty inspection violation. We agree with the Department that the act of completing the official inspection forms with information obtained from the "safety check" form and not from an actual inspection is distinct from the act of neglecting to adequately inspect the vehicle. As such, Sortino does not preclude the imposition of two separate penalties for the two violations.
Appellant also argues that the trial court's finding that the inspection performed by Mr. Grande was faulty was not supported by substantial evidence. It contends that even though the state police inspector discovered defects in the vehicle on June 14, 1984, which would have caused it to fail a state inspection on June 1, 1984, these defects could have developed within the 285 miles the car was driven since Appellant sold it. This argument completely misses the point.
Under Department regulations, "[i]t shall be the responsibility of the certified inspection mechanic who performed the inspection to affix the certificate of inspection to the vehicle. . . . The certificate of inspection shall be affixed only after completion of the entire inspection. . . ." 67 Pa. Code § 175.41(d)(1) (emphasis added). Mr. Grande admits that he never performed an official state inspection but "took a little shortcut" by relying on the "safety check" performed by another mechanic. R.R. at 44a. This is per se a faulty inspection. It is irrelevant whether the car would have passed inspection had Mr. Grande inspected it or even whether it met state requirements when the previous mechanic checked it. We therefore affirm the three-month suspension of Appellant's certificate of appointment for faulty inspection.
This section is identical to the section in effect at the time of this suit.
Finally, Appellant argues that the trial court erred in not modifying the penalty imposed by the Department so as to issue a warning rather than the suspension. We disagree and affirm the court's reinstatement of the three-month suspension. This Court has recently stated that "[t]he court, in a trial de novo, where the evidence leads to a conclusion of a violation of the law, may not reverse or modify the penalties imposed." Lossie, 96 Pa. Commw. at 554, 507 A.2d at 1313. The trial court, however, may alter the penalty if it makes findings of fact and conclusions of law different from the Department's. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Traffic Safety v. Kobaly, 477 Pa. 525, 384 A.2d 1213 (1978); Department of Transportation v. Johnson, 85 Pa. Commw. 638, 482 A.2d 1378 (1984). Here, the trial court's order specifically stated that it made the same findings as the Department. Since we affirm the Department's findings as to the faulty inspection and improper record keeping, we believe the trial court was precluded from altering the suspension imposed, assuming arguendo that a warning may have been appropriate in these circumstances.
Warnings were previously permitted, within the Department's discretion, for first violations of, inter alia, fraudulent record keeping, improper record keeping and faulty inspection.
ORDER
The order of the court of common pleas in the above-captioned proceeding is modified to delete reference to the offense of fraudulent record keeping and is otherwise affirmed.