Summary
In Mallison, this Court granted summary disposition to the defendants, citing Piccalo, on the grounds that plaintiff voluntarily chose to ride with a drunk driver, and voluntarily chose to participate in off-road driving, and that therefore there was no genuine question of material fact that plaintiff's intoxication was 50 percent or more of the cause of the accident.
Summary of this case from Rissi v. CurtisOpinion
Submitted Aug. 2, 2005, at Lansing.
Approved for Publication Nov. 17, 2005, at 9:00 a.m.
Released for Publication Feb. 3, 2006.
Superior Law, P.L.L.C. (by Marvin E. Marks and Anne M. Katte), Ironwood, for the plaintiff.
Deans&sPope, P.C. (by Timothy M. Dean), Ironwood, for the defendants.
Before: WHITBECK, C.J., and SAWYER and FITZGERALD, JJ.
PER CURIAM.
[269 Mich.App. 2] In this negligence action stemming from an automobile accident, plaintiff Julie A. Mallison appeals by right the circuit court's order granting summary disposition to defendants Randy Scribner and Dorothie Lack under MCR 2.116(I)(2). Mallison had sought partial summary disposition regarding the affirmative defense of impairment. We affirm. We decide this appeal without oral argument under MCR 7.214(E).
I. Basic Facts And Procedural History
The basic facts of this case are not in dispute. On November 5, 2000, Mallison and Lack went to a local bar, where they shared a pitcher of 12 beers over approximately 2 1/2 hours. Lack testified that the two women then decided to go see a waterfall. Although both women's vehicles were at the bar, Lack testified that they decided to take the truck Lack had borrowed from her boyfriend, Scribner, because it had four-wheel- [269 Mich.App. 3] drive capabilities. Lack stated that when they left the bar, neither woman had any physical signs of intoxication.
Lack testified that during the drive to the waterfall, she asked Mallison if she wanted to go "four-wheeling." When Mallison agreed, Lack drove the truck off into the ditch on the right side of the road and then back onto the highway. Lack then asked Mallison if she wanted to do it again. Lack testified that Mallison again agreed but told Lack to put her seatbelt on first, which Lack did. Lack stated that Mallison was already wearing her seatbelt. Lack then drove into the ditch on the left side of the road. According to Lack, as she was driving back onto the highway, she reached down to retrieve a compact disc that had fallen to the floor, and the truck tires apparently hit the edge of the highway. The truck flipped over and came to rest upside down in the ditch. Mallison suffered a broken neck, which required surgery to fuse the bones. Both women were found to have had a blood alcohol level above the legal limit at the time of the accident, with Lack having a blood alcohol level of 0.14 grams per 100 milliliters and Mallison having a level of 0.229 grams per 100 milliliters.
Mallison filed a complaint alleging negligence by Lack and Scribner. Lack and Scribner each filed affirmative defenses of impairment based on MCL 600.2955a(1), which provides that a plaintiff is absolutely barred from recovery if the plaintiff had an impaired ability to function due to the influence of intoxicating liquor and, as a result of that impaired ability, was 50 percent or more the cause of the accident or event giving rise to the plaintiff's injuries.
The complaint initially named Scribner's insurance company, State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company, as a defendant, but the trial court later dismissed it by stipulation of the parties.
[269 Mich.App. 4] Mallison moved for partial summary disposition challenging the impairment defense. After hearing arguments, the trial court granted summary disposition to defendants pursuant to MCR 2.116(I)(2). Mallison then moved to set aside the trial court's order of dismissal; however, the trial court denied the motion after concluding that Mallison had not raised any new grounds not previously argued in the motion for partial summary disposition.
II. Summary Disposition
A. Standard Of Review
We review de novo a trial court's grant or denial of summary disposition.
Spiek v. Dep't of Transportation, 456 Mich. 331, 337, 572 N.W.2d 201 (1998).
Mallison's sole argument on appeal is that the trial court erred in granting summary disposition to defendants because the trial court erred in finding that Mallison was 50 percent or more the cause of the accident giving rise to her injuries. MCL 600.2955a(1), the statute on which the challenged affirmative defense is based, provides in pertinent part as follows:
It is an absolute defense in an action for the death of an individual or for injury to a person or property that the individual upon whose death or injury the action is based had an impaired ability to function due to the influence of intoxicating liquor or a controlled substance, and as a result of that impaired ability, the individual was 50% or more the cause of the accident or event that resulted in the death or injury.
[269 Mich.App. 5] This Court has held that if a plaintiff chooses to drink and become intoxicated, and chooses to ride with an intoxicated driver, the plaintiff is 50 percent or more the cause of any accident that occurs, and the defendant is entitled to the absolute defense provided by MCL 600.2955a(1).
See Piccalo v. Nix ( On Remand), 252 Mich.App. 675, 680, 653 N.W.2d 447 (2002).
In the present case, the evidence shows that Mallison voluntarily became intoxicated, had a blood alcohol level of 0.229 grams per 100 milliliters, voluntarily chose to ride with Lack when she knew Lack had been drinking, and voluntarily chose to participate in the "four-wheeling" that resulted in the accident. Accordingly, the trial court properly found that there was no genuine issue of material fact regarding whether Mallison was 50 percent or more the cause of the accident that gave rise to her injuries. As a result, we find that the trial court properly granted summary disposition to defendants pursuant to MCR 2.116(I)(2).
At this level, MCL 257.625a(9)(c) raises a presumption that Mallison was under the influence of intoxicating liquor at the time of the accident. See also MCL 600.2955a(2)(b).
Affirmed.