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Loya v. Texas Department of Corrections

United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit
Aug 2, 1989
878 F.2d 860 (5th Cir. 1989)

Summary

holding TDC immune from suit under Eleventh Amendment

Summary of this case from Harris v. Angelina County

Opinion

No. 88-6145. Summary Calendar.

August 2, 1989.

James C. Todd, Kathlyn C. Wilson, Asst Attys. Gen., Jim Mattox, Atty. Gen., Austin, Tex., for defendant-appellant.

Leopoldo Fraga, Jr., Fraga Associates, Houston, Tex., for plaintiff-appellee.

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas.

Before CLARK, Chief Judge, JOHNSON and JOLLY, Circuit Judges:


The Texas Department of Corrections appeals from an order of the district court denying its motion to dismiss this action on the ground of eleventh amendment sovereign immunity. Finding that the district court erred in denying the motion, we remand with instructions that the suit against the Texas Department of Corrections be dismissed.

Ruben Loya, Jr. brought suit against the Texas Department of Corrections (TDC) as the only defendant. His complaint asserted claims for racial and national origin discrimination under 42 U.S.C. §§ 1981 and 1983, as well as a pendent state law claim for the infliction of emotional distress. He sought monetary relief totalling over $500,000 and any other equitable relief the court might consider just and proper. The TDC moved to dismiss the suit based on its sovereign immunity under the eleventh amendment to the United States Constitution. The district court denied the motion, and the TDC filed an interlocutory appeal.

We turn first to the issue of whether this court has jurisdiction to hear this appeal. Appeals from the denial of qualified or absolute immunity are a well recognized exception to the general rule that interlocutory appeals are not reviewable under 28 U.S.C. § 1291. Mitchell v. Forsyth, 472 U.S. 511, 525-28, 105 S.Ct. 2806, 2814-16, 86 L.Ed.2d 411 (1985) (interlocutory appeal from the denial of a government official's absolute immunity); Nixon v. Fitzgerald, 457 U.S. 731, 743, 102 S.Ct. 2690, 2697, 73 L.Ed.2d 349 (1982) (interlocutory appeal from the denial of qualified immunity). Although neither the Supreme Court nor this circuit has had occasion to apply this exception to denials of a state's absolute immunity under the eleventh amendment, there is no basis for distinguishing cases in which a state's sovereign immunity is questioned. ENG v. Coughlin, 858 F.2d 889, 893-95 (2nd Cir. 1988). See also, Mitchell, 472 U.S. at 526-28, 105 S.Ct. at 2815-16. Therefore, we hold that a denial of motion to dismiss claims on the grounds of eleventh amendment immunity is a final decision appealable under 28 U.S.C. § 1291. Accord ENG, 858 F.2d at 894.

On the merits we hold that TDC's entitlement to immunity under the eleventh amendment is clearly established in this circuit. Ruiz v. Estelle, 679 F.2d 1115, 1137 (5th Cir. 1982), cert. denied, 460 U.S. 1042, 103 S.Ct. 1438, 75 L.Ed.2d 795 (1983). The claims brought against the TDC must therefore be dismissed. On remand, the district court has discretion to permit Loya to amend his complaint to name other defendants.

The order appealed from is vacated and the cause is remanded for further proceedings consistent with the opinion.

VACATED and REMANDED.


Summaries of

Loya v. Texas Department of Corrections

United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit
Aug 2, 1989
878 F.2d 860 (5th Cir. 1989)

holding TDC immune from suit under Eleventh Amendment

Summary of this case from Harris v. Angelina County

holding the predecessor to the TDCJ immune from suit under Eleventh Amendment

Summary of this case from Graves v. Gray

holding the predecessor to the TDCJ immune from suit under Eleventh Amendment

Summary of this case from Hill v. Taylor

holding that the department of corrections was entitled to Eleventh Amendment immunity from suit under Section 1981

Summary of this case from Walker v. State of Texas

recognizing Eleventh Amendment immunity in a case brought under §§ 1981 and 1983

Summary of this case from Cooley v. Mississippi Dept. of Transp.

allowing entity to appeal denial of absolute immunity

Summary of this case from Hassan v. Lubbock Independent School Dist

observing in a case against TDCJ's predecessor that the agency's entitlement to immunity under the Eleventh Amendment is "clearly established" in this circuit

Summary of this case from Hardin v. Tex. Dep't of Criminal Justice

In Loya, the Fifth Circuit adopted, for purposes of Eleventh Amendment issues, the reasoning of Mitchell v. Forsyth, 472 U.S. 511, 525-528, 105 S.Ct. 2806, 2814-2817, 86 L.Ed.2d 411, 53 U.S.L.W. 4798, 2 Fed.R.Serv. 3D (Callaghan) 221 (1985), which holds that the personal immunity defenses entail a right not to stand trial on the merits or be subjected to pretrial proceedings, and that a denial of immunity is immediately and separately appealable.

Summary of this case from Barry v. Fordice
Case details for

Loya v. Texas Department of Corrections

Case Details

Full title:RUBEN LOYA, JR., PLAINTIFF-APPELLEE, v. TEXAS DEPARTMENT OF CORRECTIONS…

Court:United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit

Date published: Aug 2, 1989

Citations

878 F.2d 860 (5th Cir. 1989)

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