Summary
In Kemp v. State, 330 Ark. 757, 956 S.W.2d 860 (1997), we held that petitioner was not entitled to relief under Rule 37 where he had only been fined for felony possession of a firearm receiving no jail time and therefore was not "in custody."
Summary of this case from Bohanan v. StateOpinion
CR 97-932
Opinion delivered December 11, 1997
APPEAL ERROR — MOTION TO DISMISS APPEAL GRANTED. — The supreme court granted the State's motion to dismiss appeal because appellant failed to demonstrate that he was a person "in custody" as required by Ark. R. Crim. P. 37.1.
Motion to Dismiss Appeal; granted.
Appellant, pro se.
No response.
Larry Kemp was convicted of being a felon in possession of a firearm. Mr. Kemp sought postconviction relief pursuant to Ark. R. Crim. P. 37.1 which allows "[a] petitioner in custody under a sentence of a circuit court" to seek release from custody, a new trial, or modification of sentence upon a showing of one or more grounds listed in the Rule.
Mr. Kemp petitioned the Pope Circuit Court relief pursuant to the rule. The petition was denied. He has appealed from that decision. The State moves to dismiss the appeal on the ground that, although Mr. Kemp's sentence included a fine, it did not include confinement so he is not a person "in custody." The argument is that the Circuit Court was thus without jurisdiction to proceed pursuant to the Rule, and therefore, we lack jurisdiction as well.
Mr. Kemp's response concedes he has no right to relief under Rule 37.1 unless it can be found that he is in custody. He contends, however, that "in custody" as used in Rule 37.1 should include a person who has been sentenced to a fine. That is so, says Mr. Kemp, because such a person is subject to incarceration in the event the fine is not paid. It is argued further that our Rule is, as we said in Mason v. State, 285 Ark. 484, 687 S.W.2d 849 (1985), modeled upon federal habeas corpus laws in which, Mr. Kemp argues, the concept of "custody" is expanded to include the situation in which a person has been fined.
While we decline to hold that we lack jurisdiction in this matter in view of the State's failure to cite any law or case that says so, we dismiss the appeal because Mr. Kemp's argument with respect to whether he is in custody is without merit. In support of his argument Mr. Kemp cites U.S. v. Keane, 852 F.2d 199 (7th Cir. 1988) ( coram nobis petition seeking return of fine held improper after custody had ceased), U.S. ex rel. Lawrence v. Woods, 432 F.2d 1072 (7th Cir. 1970) ( habeas corpus petition filed while petitioner was in custody held not moot after his discharge from custody), and Hanson v. Circuit Court of First Judicial Circuit of Illinois, 591 F.2d 404 (7th Cir. 1979) ( habeas corpus held not available to a person subjected to a "fine-only" sentence). None of the cases is in point here.
[1] The appeal is dismissed because Mr. Kemp has failed to demonstrate that he is a person "in custody" as required by Rule 37.1.