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In re Payne

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE TENTH CIRCUIT
Sep 17, 2013
733 F.3d 1027 (10th Cir. 2013)

Summary

holding Alleyne v. United States, 570 U.S. 99, 133 S.Ct. 2151, 186 L.Ed.2d 314, announced a new rule of constitutional law but had not been made retroactive on collateral review by the Supreme Court

Summary of this case from In re Williams

Opinion

No. 13–5103.

2013-09-17

In re James Edward PAYNE, Movant.

James Edward Payne, Forrest City, AR, pro se. Timothy L. Faerber, Office of the United States Attorney, Tulsa, OK, for United States of America.



James Edward Payne, Forrest City, AR, pro se.Timothy L. Faerber, Office of the United States Attorney, Tulsa, OK, for United States of America.
Before TYMKOVICH, EBEL, and O'BRIEN, Circuit Judges.

ORDER

James Edward Payne moves for authorization to file a second or successive motion to vacate, set aside, or correct his sentence under 28 U.S.C. § 2255. We deny authorization.

In 2003, Mr. Payne pled guilty to conspiracy to manufacture less than fifty grams of a mixture or substance containing methamphetamine in violation of 21 U.S.C. §§ 841(a)(1), (b)(1)(C), and 846. He was sentenced to 240 months' of imprisonment. Although he did not appeal, he filed, in February 2005, a § 2255 motion asserting that his counsel was ineffective, his change of plea and sentencing hearing violated Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 11, he never conceded any amount of methamphetamine beyond the amount set out in the plea agreement, the district court improperly found certain facts contrary to the plea agreement that increased his punishment, and he asked trial counsel to file a notice of appeal, but counsel did not do so. The district court dismissed all claims except the failure-to-file-a-notice-of-appeal claim as barred by the plea agreement. After holding an evidentiary hearing on that claim, the district court denied § 2255 relief. We dismissed Mr. Payne's appeal for failure to prosecute.

Mr. Payne now seeks authorization to file a second or successive § 2255 motion to challenge his sentence. He asserts that the district court improperly imposed a 240–month sentence based on drug quantities not alleged in the information and his sentence should be corrected to fall within the guidelines range of fifty-seven to seventy-one months of imprisonment. He contends that the Supreme Court's recent decision in Alleyne v. United States, ––– U.S. ––––, 133 S.Ct. 2151, 186 L.Ed.2d 314 (2013), entitles him to authorization.

We will grant authorization when a second or successive § 2255 claim is based on “a new rule of constitutional law, made retroactive to cases on collateral review by the Supreme Court, that was previously unavailable.” 28 U.S.C. § 2255(h)(2). Alleyne, however, does not fully meet these requirements.

Alleyne overruled prior Supreme Court case law and held that under the Sixth Amendment:

Any fact that, by law, increases the penalty for a crime is an “element” that must be submitted to the jury and found beyond a reasonable doubt. Mandatory minimum sentences increase the penalty for a crime. It follows, then, that any fact that increases the mandatory minimum is an “element” that must be submitted to the jury.
133 S.Ct. at 2155 (citation omitted). Although Mr. Payne asserts that Alleyne is not a new rule of law and instead re-establishes prior Sixth Amendment law, we agree with the Seventh Circuit that Alleyne actually does set forth “a new rule of constitutional law,” Simpson v. United States, 721 F.3d 875, 876 (7th Cir.2013). But this new rule of constitutional law has not been “made retroactive to cases on collateral review by the Supreme Court.” 28 U.S.C. § 2255(h)(2). The Supreme Court has concluded that “ ‘made’ means ‘held’ and thus, the requirement is satisfied only if th[e] Court has held that the new rule is retroactively applicable to cases on collateral review.” Tyler v. Cain, 533 U.S. 656, 662, 121 S.Ct. 2478, 150 L.Ed.2d 632 (2001). The Court has not held that Alleyne applies retroactively to cases on collateral review. Further, “[t]he Court resolved Alleyne on direct rather than collateral review.” Simpson, 721 F.3d at 876. We agree with the Seventh Circuit that:

Alleyne is an extension of Apprendi v. New Jersey, 530 U.S. 466, 120 S.Ct. 2348, 147 L.Ed.2d 435 (2000). The Justices have decided that other rules based on Apprendi do not apply retroactively on collateral review. See Schriro v. Summerlin, 542 U.S. 348, 124 S.Ct. 2519, 159 L.Ed.2d 442 (2004). This implies that the Court will not declare Alleyne to be retroactive.... Unless the Justices themselves decide that Alleyne applies retroactively on collateral review, we cannot authorize a successive collateral attack based on § 2255(h)(2).
Simpson, 721 F.3d at 876. See generally Browning v. United States, 241 F.3d 1262, 1266 (10th Cir.2001) (declining to authorize second or successive § 2255 motion because Supreme Court has not made Apprendi retroactive).

Even if the Supreme Court had decided that Alleyne applied retroactively to cases on collateral review, we would still deny authorization. “Apprendi concluded that any ‘facts that increase the prescribed range of penalties to which a criminal defendant is exposed’ are elements of the crime.” Alleyne, 133 S.Ct. at 2160 (quoting Apprendi, 530 U.S. at 490, 120 S.Ct. 2348). In this case, there were no facts that increased the range of penalties. The plea agreement in this case indicated that the statutory maximum penalty was twenty years of imprisonment, see21 U.S.C. § 841(b)(1)(C); that Mr. Payne understood the district court could impose the statutory maximum; and that sentencing was a matter for the court's discretion. By choosing to exercise its discretion to impose the statutory maximum, the court did not violate the Sixth Amendment. See id. at 2163.

Accordingly, we deny Mr. Payne authorization to file a second or successive § 2255 motion. This denial of authorization “shall not be appealable and shall not be the subject of a petition for rehearing or for a writ of certiorari.” 28 U.S.C. § 2244(b)(3)(E).




Summaries of

In re Payne

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE TENTH CIRCUIT
Sep 17, 2013
733 F.3d 1027 (10th Cir. 2013)

holding Alleyne v. United States, 570 U.S. 99, 133 S.Ct. 2151, 186 L.Ed.2d 314, announced a new rule of constitutional law but had not been made retroactive on collateral review by the Supreme Court

Summary of this case from In re Williams

holding Alleyne does not apply retroactively on collateral review

Summary of this case from United States v. Ailsworth

holding Alleyne does not apply retroactively to cases on collateral review

Summary of this case from United States v. Sanchez

holding that while Alleyne "does set forth a new rule of constitutional law," it has not "been made retroactive to cases on collateral review"

Summary of this case from Fritz v. Feather

holding that Alleyne was not made retroactive

Summary of this case from United States v. Rogers

holding that Alleyne should not be applied retroactively on collateral review

Summary of this case from Puzey v. United States

holding that Alleyne is "a new rule of constitutional law," but declining to authorize the petitioner to file a second or successive § 2255 motion because the Supreme Court has not made it retroactive to cases on collateral review

Summary of this case from Adeyemi v. Meeks

holding that Alleyne is not retroactive

Summary of this case from Tate v. United States

holding that Alleyne is not retroactive

Summary of this case from Bostic v. United States

holding that Alleyne is not retroactive

Summary of this case from Harvell v. United States

holding that Alleyne is not retroactive

Summary of this case from Hayes v. United States

holding that Alleyne is not retroactive

Summary of this case from Brockington v. United States

finding Alleyne set forth new rule of constitutional law but that the new rule provides no basis to authorize second or successive motion to vacate

Summary of this case from Hairston v. Quintana

finding Alleyne set forth new rule of constitutional law but that the new rule provides no basis to authorize second or successive motion to vacate

Summary of this case from Muir v. Spanek

finding Alleyne set forth new rule of constitutional law but the new rule provides no basis to authorize second or successive motion to vacate

Summary of this case from United States v. West

concluding that Alleyne does not apply retroactively on collateral review

Summary of this case from Hyles v. Breckon

denying authorization to file a second or successive section 2255 motion because “[t]he [Supreme] Court has not held that Alleyne applies retroactively to cases on collateral review”

Summary of this case from Susinka v. United States

denying certificate sought on the basis of Alleyne

Summary of this case from United States v. McDaniel

agreeing with the Seventh Circuit that "rules based on Apprendi do not apply retroactively on collateral review"

Summary of this case from United States v. Salazar

agreeing with the Seventh Circuit's conclusion

Summary of this case from In re Mazzio

explaining that, to meet § 2255(h)'s requirement, Supreme Court itself must hold that decision is retroactively applicable to cases on collateral review

Summary of this case from In re Hutchinson

identifying Alleyne as a new rule of constitutional interpretation

Summary of this case from Powell v. Barnhart

identifying Alleyne as a new rule of constitutional—not statutory—interpretation

Summary of this case from Hernandez v. Barnhart

explaining that to meet § 2255(h)'s requirement the Supreme Court must hold that a decision is retroactively applicable to cases on collateral review

Summary of this case from Kayarath v. Matevousian

noting that "[the rule in Alleyne] has not been 'made retroactive to cases on collateral review.' "

Summary of this case from United States v. Callwood
Case details for

In re Payne

Case Details

Full title:In re: JAMES EDWARD PAYNE, Movant.

Court:UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE TENTH CIRCUIT

Date published: Sep 17, 2013

Citations

733 F.3d 1027 (10th Cir. 2013)

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