42 Pa. C.S. § 5985.1

Current through Pa Acts 2024-53, 2024-56 through 2024-92

Section 5985.1 - Admissibility of certain statements

(a) General rule.--

(1) An out-of-court statement made by a child victim or witness, who at the time the statement was made was 16 years of age or younger, describing any of the offenses enumerated in paragraph (2), not otherwise admissible by statute or rule of evidence, is admissible in evidence in any criminal or civil proceeding if:

(i) the court finds, in an in camera hearing, that the evidence is relevant and that the time, content and circumstances of the statement provide sufficient indicia of reliability; and

(ii) the child either:

(A) testifies at the proceeding; or

(B) is unavailable as a witness.

(2) The following offenses under 18 Pa.C.S. (relating to crimes and offenses) shall apply to paragraph (1):

Chapter 25 (relating to criminal homicide).

Chapter 27 (relating to assault).

Chapter 29 (relating to kidnapping).

Chapter 30 (relating to human trafficking).

Chapter 31 (relating to sexual offenses).

Chapter 35 (relating to burglary and other criminal intrusion).

Chapter 37 (relating to robbery).

Section 4302 (relating to incest).

Section 4304 (relating to endangering welfare of children), if the offense involved sexual contact with the victim.

Section 6301(a)(1)(ii) (relating to corruption of minors).

Section 6312(b) (relating to sexual abuse of children).

Section 6318 (relating to unlawful contact with minor).

Section 6320 (relating to sexual exploitation of children).

(a.1)Emotional distress.--In order to make a finding under subsection (a)(1)(ii)(B) that the child is unavailable as a witness, the court must determine, based on evidence presented to it, that testimony by the child as a witness will result in the child suffering serious emotional distress that would substantially impair the child's ability to reasonably communicate. In making this determination, the court may do all of the following:

(1) Observe and question the child, either inside or outside the courtroom.

(2) Hear testimony of a parent or custodian or any other person, such as a person who has dealt with the child in a medical or therapeutic setting.

(a.2) Counsel and confrontation.--If the court hears testimony in connection with making a finding under subsection (a)(1)(ii)(B), all of the following apply:

(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the defendant, the attorney for the defendant and the attorney for the Commonwealth or, in the case of a civil proceeding, the attorney for the plaintiff has the right to be present.

(2) If the court observes or questions the child, the court shall not permit the defendant to be present.

(b) Notice required.A statement otherwise admissible under subsection (a) shall not be received into evidence unless the proponent of the statement notifies the adverse party of the proponent's intention to offer the statement and the particulars of the statement sufficiently in advance of the proceeding at which the proponent intends to offer the statement into evidence to provide the adverse party with a fair opportunity to prepare to meet the statement.

42 Pa.C.S. § 5985.1

Amended by P.L. TBD 2021 No. 29, § 1, eff. 8/29/2021.

Amended by P.L. TBD 2019 No. 31, § 1, eff. 8/27/2019.

1989, Dec. 22, P.L. 730, No. 100, § 1, effective in 60 days. Amended 1996, Dec. 18, P.L. 1077, No. 161, § 5, effective in 60 days; 2000, Oct. 18, P.L. 615, No. 84, § 1, imd. effective; 2004, July 15, P.L. 736, No. 87, § 4, imd. effective.