Opinion
A03A1828.
DECIDED SEPTEMBER 23, 2003
Right of first refusal. Whitefield Superior Court. Before Judge Adams.
Powell, Goldstein, Frazer Murphy, Charles S. Greene, Patrick J. O'Connor, for appellants.
Brinson, Askew, Berry Seigler, C. King Askew, Mark M. Webb, Sponcler Tharpe, James T. Ward, for appellee.
Robert Pezzin sued Raymond Shiflett, Harold Wyatt, Jr., and Jane Wyatt for cancellation of a deed under which Shiflett had conveyed a large tract of farmland to the Wyatts. Pezzin claimed that Shiflett had previously granted him a right of first refusal on any sale of part of the acreage, and in his complaint he sought specific performance of his right. Following a bench trial, the Superior Court of Whitfield County entered judgment in favor of Pezzin. The Wyatts appeal. They maintain that neither the writing purporting to grant the right of first refusal, nor a hand-drawn plat referred to in the writing, contains an adequate description of the land, and that the right of first refusal is unenforceable for lack of both adequate triggering terms and consideration. Finding no merit in any of these arguments, we affirm.
As found by the trial court, these are the facts:
In 1983, Pezzin and Shiflett's son, Robert Shiflett, entered into a contract under which Shiflett's son sold 1.13 acres of landlocked residential realty to Pezzin together with an easement through adjacent property owned by Shiflett. The sales contract included a special stipulation requiring Shiflett's son to obtain a right of first refusal for Pezzin on any future sale of certain of the adjacent land owned by Shiflett. Shiflett's son created a hand drawn plat dated April 10, 1983, marking in red the property to be subject to the right of first refusal. On April 14, Shiflett signed a document in which he "agree[d] to give to Robert Pezzin, a first right of refusal on any future sale of the strip of land shown on hand drawn plat by Robert A. Shiflett dated 4-10-83. Said strip adjoins property being purchased this date by said Robert Pezzin from Robert Augustus Shiflett and comprises the red shaded area of said plat."
The property to which Pezzin was given a right of first refusal was more specifically identified by a subsequent survey and totals 5.15 acres, which is described in the survey by metes and bounds. On April 14, 1983, Shiflett's son's sale of the 1.13 acres to Pezzin was closed. In 1999, Shiflett sold the Wyatts a 55.41 acre tract of land that included the 5.15 acres over which Pezzin had a right of first refusal. Prior to the closing of the sale, Pezzin attempted to exercise his right of first refusal but Shiflett, with the knowledge of Harold Wyatt, refused to honor it.
After reconciling discrepancies between the testimony of the witnesses, and after considering the written documents evidencing the right of first refusal and the plat (and copies of it) submitted as evidence, the trial court found the existence of a contract for the right of first refusal. Although the contract itself did not contain an adequate legal description of the property, the court concluded that it did contain a key referencing the 1983 hand-drawn plat and thereby providing an adequate legal description as a matter of law.
1. "To be valid, a description in a deed, contract for the sale of land, or a claim of lien on real estate must identify the land with reasonable definiteness or contain a key by the use of which the description may be applied by extrinsic evidence. The key must open the door to extrinsic evidence which leads unerringly to the land in question." The trial court did not err in concluding that the description provided in the hand-drawn plat meets this test.
(Footnote omitted.) Gateway Family Worship Centers v. H.O.P.E. Foundation Ministries, 244 Ga. App. 286, 287(2) ( 535 S.E.2d 286) (2000).
Laurens County Bd. of Ed. v. Stanley, cited in Plantation Land Co. v. Bradshaw, and relied on by the Wyatts, is distinguishable. White v. Plumbing Distrib., also cited by the Wyatts, is likewise distinguishable. The deed found deficient in Stanley identified the property only as "ten acres of land," located in two specified land lots, and "which is hereafter to be surveyed." In White, an agreement for the sale of real property was found to be "devoid of any indicia upon which the parties might determine the metes and bounds of the [p]roperty." Here, the right of first refusal made reference to a plat from which a survey containing a metes and bounds description was prepared.
187 Ga. 389 ( 200 S.E. 294) (1938).
232 Ga. 435 ( 207 S.E.2d 49) (1974).
262 Ga. App. 228 ( 585 S.E.2d 135) (2003).
Id. at 230(1).
2. Although the trial court made no specific finding on the issue, there is evidence that the right of first refusal was supported by consideration.
In this regard, Pezzin testified that Shiflett was present at the closing of his purchase of the 1.13 acres from Shiflett's son; the closing attorney advised him, Pezzin, to give Shiflett one dollar in order to make the right of first refusal valid; and he did so. The court was also authorized to find that Pezzin's purchase of the residential property from Shiflett's son provided consideration for the right of first refusal. "Consideration need not be a benefit accruing to the promisor, but may be a benefit accruing to another. [Cits.]"
Fisher v. Toombs County Nursing Home, 223 Ga. App. 842, 845(2) ( 479 S.E.2d 180) (1996).
3. The right of first refusal was triggered by the sale of the property by its express terms, and by operation of law. Judgment affirmed. Blackburn, P.J., and Ellington, J., concur.
See Phoenix Tower v. Shaffer, 254 Ga. App. 394(1) ( 562 S.E.2d 788) (2002).