Opinion
2011-12-30
UTILITY SERVICES CONTRACTING, INC., Plaintiff–Respondent–Appellant, v. MONROE COUNTY WATER AUTHORITY, Defendant–Appellant–Respondent. (Appeal No. 1.)
Harter Secrest & Emery LLP, Rochester (F. Paul Greene of Counsel), for Defendant–Appellant–Respondent. Mura & Storm, PLLC, Buffalo (Eric T. Boron of Counsel), for Plaintiff–Respondent–Appellant.
Harter Secrest & Emery LLP, Rochester (F. Paul Greene of Counsel), for Defendant–Appellant–Respondent. Mura & Storm, PLLC, Buffalo (Eric T. Boron of Counsel), for Plaintiff–Respondent–Appellant.
PRESENT: FAHEY, J.P., PERADOTTO, LINDLEY, GREEN, AND GORSKI, JJ.
MEMORANDUM:
Plaintiff commenced this action seeking damages resulting from defendant's alleged breach of a contract for a water main installation project. By the order in appeal No. 1, Supreme Court granted those parts of defendant's motion for summary judgment dismissing the second through fourth causes of action, denied those parts of defendant's motion for summary judgment dismissing the first cause of action, for breach of the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing, and for summary judgment on the counterclaim, for liquidated damages and attorneys' fees, and denied plaintiff's cross motion for summary judgment on the amended complaint. We note that, although the court did not address that part of the motion for summary judgment on the issue of consequential damages, the failure to rule on that part of the motion is deemed a denial thereof ( see Brown v. U.S. Vanadium Corp., 198 A.D.2d 863, 864, 604 N.Y.S.2d 432). In appeal No. 2, defendant moved for leave to reargue only that part of its motion for summary judgment determining that plaintiff was contractually precluded from seeking consequential damages. The court granted the motion for leave to reargue and, upon reargument, the court noted that only that part of its prior order concerning the first cause of action was at issue, and it concluded that defendant was not entitled to summary judgment on the issue of consequential damages. We note at the outset that defendant's appeal from the order in appeal No. 1 must be dismissed with respect to the issue of consequential damages inasmuch as it was superseded by the order in appeal No. 2 ( see Loafin' Tree Rest. v. Pardi [Appeal No. 1], 162 A.D.2d 985, 559 N.Y.S.2d 154).
We agree with defendant in each appeal that the first cause of action, for breach of the implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing, must be dismissed. We therefore modify the order in each appeal accordingly. We conclude that the first and second causes of action are duplicative inasmuch as they both allege that defendant breached the contract in question by interfering with subcontractors and refusing to grant appropriate extensions, thus preventing plaintiff from completing the contract in a timely manner ( see New York Univ. v. Continental Ins. Co., 87 N.Y.2d 308, 319–320, 639 N.Y.S.2d 283, 662 N.E.2d 763; Hassett v. New York Cent. Mut. Fire Ins. Co., 302 A.D.2d 886, 753 N.Y.S.2d 788; see generally Bass v. Sevits, 78 A.D.2d 926, 927, 433 N.Y.S.2d 245). We note that the allegations underlying the first cause of action occurred prior to a written amendment to the contract whereby defendant granted plaintiff an extension. With respect to defendant's interference and failure to grant an additional extension following that amendment, as alleged in the second cause of action, defendant met its initial burden on the motion and plaintiff failed to submit evidence sufficient to raise a triable issue of fact whether an additional extension was requested in writing as required by the contract ( see generally Zuckerman v. City of New York, 49 N.Y.2d 557, 562, 427 N.Y.S.2d 595, 404 N.E.2d 718). Further, the parties' prior conduct in requesting and granting an extension to the contractual time limit in writing belie the contention of plaintiff that the contract's requirements with respect thereto were waived ( see Phoenix Corp. v. U.W. Marx, Inc., 64 A.D.3d 967, 969–970, 881 N.Y.S.2d 714; Charles T. Driscoll Masonry Restoration Co., Inc. v. County of Ulster, 40 A.D.3d 1289, 1291–1292, 836 N.Y.S.2d 362). In light of our conclusion that defendant is entitled to summary judgment dismissing the amended complaint in its entirety, the issue whether plaintiff is entitled to consequential damages is moot.
Contrary to plaintiff's contention on its cross appeal in appeal No. 1, the court properly granted those parts of defendant's motion for summary judgment dismissing the third cause of action, for promissory estoppel, and the fourth cause of action, for unjust enrichment. We further conclude that plaintiff failed to establish that facts essential to justify opposition to the motion were in the exclusive possession of defendant ( see Santangelo v. Fluor Constructors Intl., 266 A.D.2d 893, 697 N.Y.S.2d 881).
We also agree with defendant in appeal No. 1 that the court erred in denying that part of its motion for summary judgment on the counterclaim. There is no triable issue of fact with respect to defendant's entitlement to liquidated damages calculated from the original contractual completion date of August 1, 2002, inasmuch as the contractual amendment expressly reserved defendant's right to those damages. Further, although defendant entered into a release agreement pursuant to which plaintiff's surety would assess only $75,000 in liquidated damages against the performance bond issued by it, defendant expressly reserved its right to seek the remainder of liquidated damages from plaintiff. We therefore further modify the order in appeal No. 1 by granting that part of defendant's motion for summary judgment on the counterclaim in the amount of $108,000 plus prejudgment interest, constituting the remainder of liquidated damages owed following the surety's payment of $75,000 ( see generally CPLR 5001[a] ). The remaining contentions of defendant in appeal No. 1 are moot.
Finally, we note that plaintiff abandoned any challenge to the order in appeal No. 2 inasmuch as it failed to raise any contentions with respect to the only part of the order by which plaintiff is aggrieved ( see CPLR 5511), i.e., that part denying its request for costs and attorneys' fees associated with the motion ( see Ciesinski v. Town of Aurora, 202 A.D.2d 984, 609 N.Y.S.2d 745).
It is hereby ORDERED that said appeal from the order insofar as it denied that part of defendant's motion for summary judgment dismissing the first cause of action to the extent that it sought consequential damages is unanimously dismissed and the order is modified on the law by granting those parts of defendant's motion for summary judgment dismissing the first cause of action except to the extent that it sought consequential damages and for summary judgment on the counterclaim in the amount of $108,000 plus prejudgment interest and as modified the order is affirmed without costs.