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U.S. v. Gunning

United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit
Aug 6, 2003
339 F.3d 948 (9th Cir. 2003)

Summary

holding that district court erred in delegating to the probation officer the responsibility for a schedule of making restitution payments under statute that provided that "the court" should specify the schedule of payments

Summary of this case from U.S. v. Davis

Opinion

No. 02-30057.

Submitted July 7, 2003.

The panel unanimously finds this case suitable for decision without oral argument. See Fed.R.App.P. 34(a)(2).

Filed August 6, 2003.

Robert Westinghouse, Assistant United States Attorney, Seattle, WA, for the defendant-appellant.

David B. Koch, Nielsen, Broman Koch, Seattle, WA, for the plaintiff-appellee.

Appeal from the United States District Court, for the Western District of Washington; Jack E. Tanner, District Judge, Presiding. D.C. No. CR-01-05204-JET.

Before: REAVLEY, TASHIMA and PAEZ, Circuit Judges.

The Honorable Thomas M. Reavley, Senior United States Circuit Judge for the United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit, sitting by designation.



OPINION


Stephen R. Gunning pleaded guilty to wire fraud. He appeals to contest the terms of his sentence. We remand for additional findings and modification, or for resentencing if necessary.

Gunning contends that he was entitled to the 2-level decrease for acceptance of responsibility pursuant to sentencing guideline 3E1.1. The district court found that he did not exhibit a clear acceptance of responsibility because he was blaming others for what he did. That finding is not clearly erroneous.

U.S. SENTENCING GUIDELINES MANUAL § 3E1.1(a) (2001).

See United States v. Scrivener, 189 F.3d 944, 948-49 (9th Cir. 1999) (concluding that defendant's attempts to minimize his own involvement by blaming his son were inconsistent with acceptance of responsibility).

Gunning contends that he was only a minor participant in the scheme to defraud investors and that he was entitled to a 2-level reduction pursuant to guideline 3B1.2(b). The presentence report made no recommendation regarding a minor-role adjustment, and the court made no findings. We require the sentencing court to "'make clear on the record its resolution of all disputed matters. . . .'" In the absence of a specific finding by the district court, or of a recommendation by the probation office which the district court adopted, we cannot discern whether the district court considered whether a minor-role adjustment was warranted. Because it is for the district court to rule on sentencing issues in the first instance, we remand for the court to make findings.

United States v. Ing, 70 F.3d 553, 557 (9th Cir. 1995) (quoting United States v. Rigby, 896 F.2d 392, 394 (9th Cir. 1990)).

See id.; United States v. Carlisle, 907 F.2d 94, 96 (9th Cir. 1990) (per curiam).

Gunning argues that the district court erred by delegating to the probation office responsibility for making a schedule for restitution. The Mandatory Victims Restitution Act ("MVRA") charges the district court with fixing the terms for making restitution: "[T]he court shall . . . specify in the restitution order the manner in which, and the schedule according to which, restitution is to be paid. . . ." Other circuits have concluded that this responsibility is non-delegable. We agree. The language of the MVRA is categorical. Under the MVRA, the district court is ultimately responsible for setting a schedule for making restitution.

18 U.S.C. §§ 3663A- 3664 (2000 Supp. 2003).

See United States v. Davis, 306 F.3d 398, 426 (6th Cir. 2002); United States v. Prouty, 303 F.3d 1249, 1254-55 (11th Cir. 2002); United States v. McGlothlin, 249 F.3d 783, 785 (8th Cir. 2001); United States v. Coates, 178 F.3d 681, 685 (3d Cir. 1999).

The district court can of course enlist the assistance of the probation office in determining an appropriate schedule for repayment. See Davis, 306 F.3d at 426; see also S.Rep. No. 104-179, at 20 (1996), U.S. Code Cong. Admin. News 924, 933 (stating that the MVRA "requires the probation service to assemble, as part of the presentence investigation process, information sufficient for the court to enter a restitution order").

In this case, the district court ordered that Gunning "immediately" make restitution in the amount of $3,924,835.37 and, simultaneously, that "[a]ny unpaid amount is to be paid during the period of supervision as directed by a U.S. probation officer." Because we construe this order to assign to the probation office full control of subsequent payment, we remand for the district court to provide for the terms of restitution.

Gunning's contention that reassignment to a different district judge on remand is required is without merit.

The cause is remanded for further order of the district court and resentencing if necessary.

REMANDED.


Summaries of

U.S. v. Gunning

United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit
Aug 6, 2003
339 F.3d 948 (9th Cir. 2003)

holding that district court erred in delegating to the probation officer the responsibility for a schedule of making restitution payments under statute that provided that "the court" should specify the schedule of payments

Summary of this case from U.S. v. Davis

holding that a district court's order making restitution payable "immediately," with any amount unpaid after the defendant's release "to be paid during the period of supervision as directed by a U.S. probation officer," assigned full control of subsequent payment to the probation office and thus constituted an impermissible delegation of the court's authority to the probation officer

Summary of this case from Mentor v. Matevousian

holding a district court's order making restitution payable "immediately," with any amount unpaid after the defendant's release "to be paid during the period of supervision as directed by a U.S. probation officer," assigned full control of subsequent payment to the probation office and thus constituted an impermissible delegation of the court's authority to the probation officer

Summary of this case from Valentine v. Copenhaver

holding that a district court's order making restitution payable "immediately," with any amount unpaid after the defendant's release "to be paid during the period of supervision as directed by a U.S. probation officer," assigned full control of subsequent payment to the probation office and thus constituted an impermissible delegation of the court's authority to the probation officer

Summary of this case from Moore v. Rios

holding that a district court's order making restitution payable "immediately," with any amount unpaid after the defendant's release "to be paid during the period of supervision as directed by a U.S. probation officer," assigned full control of subsequent payment to the probation office and thus constituted an impermissible delegation of the court's authority to the probation officer

Summary of this case from Jones v. Copenhaver

construing order that defendant pay restitution “as directed by a U.S. probation officer” as assigning to the probation office full control of subsequent payment

Summary of this case from Ward v. Chavez

In United States v. Gunning, 339 F.3d 948 (9th Cir. 2003) (per curiam), cited by the majority, Gunning argued that he was entitled to a two-level minor role adjustment under U.S.S.G. § 3B1.2(b).

Summary of this case from U.S. v. Ameline

In United States v. Gunning, 339 F.3d 948 (9th Cir. 2003) (Gunning I) and United States v. Gunning, 401 F.3d 1145, 1150 (9th Cir. 2005)(Gunning II), the Ninth Circuit held that, under the MVRA, the scheduling of restitution payments is non-delegable, and that sentencing courts, not the BOP, must set a defendant's restitution repayment schedule.

Summary of this case from Bonneau v. Thomas

addressing on direct appeal defendant's challenge to restitution order as improper delegation of district court authority

Summary of this case from Geiger v. Federal Bureau of Prisons

addressing on direct appeal defendant's challenge to restitution order as improper delegation of district court authority

Summary of this case from Geiger v. Federal Bureau of Prisons
Case details for

U.S. v. Gunning

Case Details

Full title:UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Stephen Robert GUNNING…

Court:United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit

Date published: Aug 6, 2003

Citations

339 F.3d 948 (9th Cir. 2003)

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