Opinion
Case No. 02-CR-20019
02-08-2012
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Plaintiff, v. GREGORY FORMAN, Defendant.
OPINION
This case is before the court for ruling on the pro se Motion to Reduce Sentence (#114) filed by Defendant, Gregory Forman. Following this court's careful analysis, Defendant's pro se Motion (#114) is DENIED.
BACKGROUND
The Fair Sentencing Act of 2010 (FSA), Pub.L. No. 111-220, 124 Stat. 2372 (2010), reduced the disparity between sentences related to cocaine and sentences related to cocaine base ("crack"). 124 Stat. at 2372. The FSA also contained directives requiring the Sentencing Commission to amend the Sentencing Guidelines. Id. at 2372-75. Amendment 748 to the Sentencing Guidelines, which was made effective November 1, 2010, was enacted as a means of implementing those directives. See U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual app. C. vol. III at 381. More specifically, Amendment 748 amended the Drug Quantity Table in § 2D1.1 of the Sentencing Guidelines. Id. at 374-81. On June 30, 2011, the Sentencing Commission voted to give Amendment 748 retroactive effect, to be designated Amendment 750 in Appendix C of the Sentencing Guidelines. See 76 Fed. Reg. 41332-35 (July 13, 2011). Amendment 750 went into effect on November 1, 2011. U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Manual app. C. vol. III at 398.
On November 8, 2011, this court entered an Order (#122) and allowed Defendant's counsel, the Federal Public Defender, to withdraw from this case. This court stated that Defendant's counsel had accurately assessed the situation when he concluded that Defendant is ineligible for a reduction in his sentence because Defendant was sentenced as a career offender. This court allowed Defendant to proceed pro se and gave Defendant 30 days to file a pleading which either conceded that he was not eligible for a sentence reduction or explained why the 2011 retroactive amendment does in fact have the effect of lowering his sentence. On December 9, 2011, Defendant filed his Response (#123) and asked this court to reduce his sentence. Defendant has not challenged the fact that he was sentenced as a career offender, but argues that this court should not have classified him as a career offender when he was sentenced in December 2002. Defendant argues that this court can reduce his sentence under the retroactive amendment to the sentencing guidelines as well as the FSA. Defendant attached documentation to show that he has completed numerous classes while he has been in the Federal Bureau of Prisons.
ANALYSIS
Federal courts are forbidden, as a general matter, to "'modify a term of imprisonment once it has been imposed,' 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c); but the rule of finality is subject to a few narrow exceptions." Freeman v. United States, _ U.S. _, 131 S. Ct. 2685, 2690 (2011). An exception is provided for a "defendant who has been sentenced to a term of imprisonment based on a sentencing range that has subsequently been lowered by the Sentencing Commission." 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(2).
In this case, Defendant's sentence was not based on the offense level set forth in § 2D1.1, which has been lowered by the Sentencing Commission, but rather on the offense level provided under § 4B1.1 for career offenders. Because Amendment 750 did not change the career offender guideline, Defendant does not qualify for a sentence reduction under 18 U.S.C. § 3582(c)(2). See United States v. Forman, 553 F.3d 585, 589-90 (7th Cir. 2009) (holding that a defendant convicted of a crack cocaine offense who was sentenced as a career offender was not eligible for a reduced sentence under § 3582(c)(2)); see also United States v. Kindle, 2012 WL 161300, at *2 (C.D. Ill. 2012).
In addition, Defendant is not entitled to relief under the FSA. The Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals has held that the FSA is not retroactive. United States v. Fisher, 635 F.3d 336, 340 (7th Cir. 2011), cert granted in Dorsey v. United States, 132 S. Ct. 759 (2011); see also United States v. Campbell, 659 F.3d 607, 609-10 (7th Cir. 2011).
This court therefore concludes that there is no basis for reducing Defendant's sentence and his pro so Motion to Reduce Sentence (#114) must be denied.
IT IS THEREFORE ORDERED THAT Defendant's pro se Motion to Reduce Sentence (#114) is DENIED.
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MICHAEL P. McCUSKEY
CHIEF U.S. DISTRICT JUDGE