Opinion
2011-12-6
Jeffrey SZCZEPANSKI, plaintiff-respondent, v. DANDREA CONSTRUCTION CORP., defendant,Nicholas Liberatoscioli, defendant-appellant,Lusitano Enterprises, Inc., defendant third-party plaintiff-respondent;Big Construction, Inc., third-party defendant-appellant.
Perez & Varvaro, Uniondale, N.Y. (Edgar Matos of counsel), for defendant-appellant. Braverman & Associates, P.C., New York, N.Y. (Steven R. Goldstein of counsel), for third-party defendant-appellant.
Perez & Varvaro, Uniondale, N.Y. (Edgar Matos of counsel), for defendant-appellant. Braverman & Associates, P.C., New York, N.Y. (Steven R. Goldstein of counsel), for third-party defendant-appellant. Siben & Siben, LLP, Bay Shore, N.Y. (Alan G. Faber of counsel), for plaintiff-respondent.Devitt Spellman Barrett, LLP, Smithtown, N.Y. (Nicholas M. Brino and Diane K. Farrell of counsel), for defendant third-party plaintiff-respondent.REINALDO E. RIVERA, J.P., JOHN M. LEVENTHAL, ARIEL E. BELEN, and SHERI S. ROMAN, JJ.
In an action to recover damages for personal injuries, the defendant Nicholas Liberatoscioli appeals, as limited by his brief, from so much of an order of the Supreme Court, Suffolk County (Cohalan, J.), dated August 27, 2010, as denied his motion for summary judgment dismissing the complaint insofar as asserted against him, and the third-party defendant separately appeals, as limited by its brief, from so much of the same order as denied those branches of its motion which were for summary judgment dismissing the third-party causes of action for contribution and common-law indemnification.
ORDERED that the order is affirmed insofar as appealed from by the defendant Nicholas Liberatoscioli; and it is further,
ORDERED that the order is reversed insofar as appealed from by the third-party defendant, on the law, and those branches of the motion of the third-party defendant which were for summary judgment dismissing the third-party causes of action for contribution and common-law indemnification are granted; and it is further,
ORDERED that one bill of costs is awarded to the third-party defendant, payable by the defendant third-party plaintiff, and one bill of costs is awarded to the plaintiff, payable by the defendant Nicholas Liberatoscioli.
The plaintiff alleged that, on July 23, 2004, he was performing construction work at a property owned by the defendant Nicholas Liberatoscioli, and was injured when he fell from a beam. Liberatoscioli is the sole owner of the defendant third-party plaintiff, Lusitano Enterprises, Inc. (hereinafter Lusitano), the general contractor on the job. The plaintiff allegedly was employed by the third-party defendant, Big C Construction, Inc. (hereinafter Big C).
The Supreme Court properly denied that branch of Liberatoscioli's motion which was for summary judgment dismissing the causes of action alleging violations of Labor Law § 240(1) and § 241(6) insofar as asserted against him. “Labor Law § 240(1) and § 241(6) contain identical language exempting from the statutes owners of one and two-family dwellings who contract for but do not direct or control the work” ( Chowdhury v. Rodriguez, 57 A.D.3d 121, 126, 867 N.Y.S.2d 123 [internal quotation marks omitted] ). To receive the benefit of this homeowner's exemption, a defendant must demonstrate: (1) that the work was performed at a one- or two-family dwelling, and (2) that the defendant did not direct or control the work ( id. at 126, 867 N.Y.S.2d 123). “The exception was enacted to protect those who, lacking business sophistication, would not know or anticipate the need to obtain insurance to cover them against absolute liability” ( Acosta v. Hadjigavriel, 18 A.D.3d 406, 406, 794 N.Y.S.2d 445). Here, Liberatoscioli failed to establish his prima facie entitlement to judgment as a matter of law, as there is a triable issue of fact as to whether he exercised the requisite degree of direction and control over the construction of his home to impose liability under Labor Law § 240(1) and § 241(6) ( see Acosta v. Hadjigavriel, 18 A.D.3d at 407, 794 N.Y.S.2d 445; Rothman v. Shaljian, 278 A.D.2d 297, 718 N.Y.S.2d 218; cf. Krukowski v. Steffensen, 194 A.D.2d 179, 605 N.Y.S.2d 773).
Further, to be held liable pursuant to Labor Law § 200 in a case such as this, where the claim arises out of the methods or means of the work, a defendant must have authority to supervise or control the work ( see Rodriguez v. Gany, 82 A.D.3d 863, 865, 918 N.Y.S.2d 187; Rojas v. Schwartz, 74 A.D.3d 1046, 903 N.Y.S.2d 484; Ortega v. Puccia, 57 A.D.3d 54, 866 N.Y.S.2d 323). Here, Liberatoscioli failed to establish his prima facie entitlement to judgment as a matter of law, as there is a triable issue of fact as to whether he had the authority to supervise or control the plaintiff's work. Accordingly, the Supreme Court properly denied that branch of Liberatoscioli's motion which was for summary judgment dismissing the cause of action alleging a violation of Labor Law § 200 insofar as asserted against him ( see Acosta v. Hadjigavriel, 18 A.D.3d at 407, 794 N.Y.S.2d 445). For the same reasons, the Supreme Court properly denied that branch of Liberatoscioli's motion which was for summary judgment dismissing the cause of action alleging common-law negligence insofar as asserted against him ( see Rodriguez v. Gany, 82 A.D.3d at 863, 918 N.Y.S.2d 187; Ortega v. Puccia, 57 A.D.3d at 63, 866 N.Y.S.2d 323).
In support of its motion for summary judgment, inter alia, dismissing the third-party causes of action for contribution and common-law indemnification, Big C met its burden of demonstrating that the plaintiff's injuries did not constitute a “grave injury” within the meaning of Workers' Compensation Law § 11 ( see Kitkas v. Windsor Place Corp., 72 A.D.3d 649, 649–650, 897 N.Y.S.2d 652; Marshall v. Arias, 12 A.D.3d 423, 423–424, 784 N.Y.S.2d 589; Aguirre v. Castle Am. Constr., 307 A.D.2d 901, 762 N.Y.S.2d 913). In opposition, Lusitano failed to raise a triable issue of fact as to whether the plaintiff sustained a qualifying grave injury ( see Kitkas v. Windsor Place Corp., 72 A.D.3d at 649, 897 N.Y.S.2d 652; Goodleaf v. Tzivos Hashem, Inc., 68 A.D.3d 817, 889 N.Y.S.2d 478; Aguirre v. Castle Am. Constr., 307 A.D.2d at 901, 762 N.Y.S.2d 913). Accordingly, the Supreme Court should have granted those branches of Big C's motion which were for summary judgment dismissing the third-party causes of action for contribution and common-law indemnification.