Summary
explaining that the Court will not consider moot questions
Summary of this case from People v. OrosOpinion
Docket No. 7,338.
Decided October 26, 1970. Leave to appeal denied January 22, 1971. 384 Mich. 801.
Appeal from Ontonagon, Donald L. Munro, J. Submitted Division 3 October 13, 1970, at Lansing. (Docket No. 7,338.) Decided October 26, 1970. Leave to appeal denied January 22, 1971. 384 Mich. 801.
Complaint by Charles H. Swinehart, Jr., against the Secretary of State to restore his automobile driver's license. Judgment for defendant. Plaintiff appeals. Affirmed.
Charles H. Swinehart for plaintiff.
Frank J. Kelley, Attorney General, Robert A. Derengoski, Solicitor General, and Wallace K. Sagendorph, Assistant Attorney General, for defendant.
This appeal arises out of a suit initiated in the Ontonagon Circuit Court to challenge the refusal by the Secretary of State to renew the plaintiff's driver's license. From a judgment in favor of the defendant, plaintiff appeals.
Plaintiff is an ordained clergyman serving churches in Michigan's upper peninsula. On August 26, 1966, he applied for a renewal of his driver's license which expired on September 8 of that year. He was granted a 60-day permit and his application was forwarded to the Driver Improvement Section of the Office of Driver and Vehicle Services.
Since he had stated in his application for a license that he was subject to either "epilepsy, seizures, or fainting spells", he was required to and did furnish a statement from his physician explaining his disability. The physician indicated that plaintiff had epilepsy, that it was under control with medication, and that the last epileptic seizure was in March of 1966. If otherwise qualified, an epileptic is issued a driver's license where his seizures are reported by the physician to be under control and there have been no seizures in the last year. Since plaintiff had experienced a seizure within one year prior to his application, he was denied a license.
Plaintiff next filed an appeal at the license appeal board, and before the appeal was scheduled for hearing, filed suit in the circuit court for a review of the denial. While these actions were pending, plaintiff again applied for a license on April 20, 1967. Since a year had passed from the date of his last seizure, he was issued a regular Michigan operator's license. The circuit court then upheld the action taken by the Secretary of State finding that the procedure did not deprive plaintiff of any constitutional rights.
From all that appears before us, plaintiff is presently in possession of a valid operator's license and has not had a seizure since March 1966. We are of the opinion that these circumstances render the case moot.
This Court will not consider moot questions or abstract propositions. McDermott v. City of Detroit (1969), 16 Mich. App. 283; Mulligan v. City of Kalamazoo (1968), 9 Mich. App. 713. An important test in determining mootness is whether an event occurs which renders it impossible for the reviewing court, if it should decide in favor of plaintiff, to grant any relief. International Brotherhood of Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Warehousemen and Helpers of America v. Zantop Air Transport Corp. (CA 6, 1968), 394 F.2d 36. However, a question is not moot if the action complained of will continue to adversely affect the plaintiff in some collateral way, i.e., affect his qualifications for a license in the future. McMullen v. Secretary of State (1954), 339 Mich. 175; Johnson v. Sanchez (1960), 67 N.M. 41 ( 351 P.2d 449); Strasser v. MacDuff (1953), 282 App. Div. 1106 ( 126 N.Y.S.2d 357); Milam v. Texas Department of Public Safety (Tex Civ, 1962), 359 S.W.2d 623.
In the case at bar, the fact that the plaintiff sought and obtained a license renders it impossible for this Court to grant effectual relief. It would be clearly useless to order the Secretary of State to give plaintiff a license since he already has one.
Furthermore, there is no indication that the plaintiff will be prejudiced in the future by the action of the Secretary of State in denying his application for a license. From a reading of the rules of procedure of the Office of Driver and Vehicle Services, it is clear that the action of which he now complains, the denial of a license, will not affect any future application he may make. The sole criterion will be the absence of any new seizure within the year preceding application irrespective of prior denials due to past seizures.
Thus, we are presented with an abstract question. We decline to decide this case on the basis that the problem is likely to arise again since it cannot be readily assumed that all of the following will necessarily occur: 1) that plaintiff will have another seizure; 2) that this seizure will occur in the last year prior to expiration of his three-year operator's license; 3) such seizure will occur sufficiently early in that year so that the case would evade review should he decide to reapply for a license within a year from the seizure; 4) the plaintiff does reapply and is granted a license; and 5) no other seizures occur while the case is pending which would preclude the plaintiff from obtaining a license. Since the question presented is moot, the appeal will be dismissed without ruling on the merits. Zantop Air Transport Corp., supra.
Affirmed.