Summary
holding that a trial court committed plain error in conducting a bench trial where no jury waiver was filed and made part of the record
Summary of this case from State v. TaylorOpinion
Appeal No. C-990146. Trial No. 98CRB-44794B
October 22, 1999.
Criminal Appeal From: Hamilton County Municipal Court.
Reversed and Cause Remanded.
Terrance R. Cosgrove, City of Cincinnati Prosecutor, and Michael J. Harmon, Assistant City Prosecutor, for Plaintiff-Appellee,
Elizabeth E. Agar, for Defendant-Appellant.
DECISION
Defendant-appellant Steven Pflanz was convicted, after a bench trial, of one count of assault in violation of R.C. 2903.13, a misdemeanor of the first degree. Pflanz raises two assignments of error for our review; however, we sua sponte remove this case from the accelerated calendar to address an issue that renders those assignments of error moot and mandates a reversal of this case.
While conducting our complete review of the record to assess the merits of Pflanz's first assignment of error dealing with weight and sufficiency of the evidence, we discovered that Pflanz filed a jury demand. Subsequently, Pflanz's case was tried to the bench. The record transmitted to this court for review does not reveal that a written jury waiver was ever filed with the Clerk of Courts and made a part of the record. Since this is plain error per se, we may address this issue even though it was not raised in the trial court or by Pflanz on appeal to this court. See Crim.R. 52(B); State v. Morris (Oct. 23, 1998), Hamilton App. No. C-971119, unreported; State v. Berry (Dec. 31, 1998), Hamilton App. No. C-970701, unreported.
A defendant in a petty offense case waives his right to a jury unless the defendant has filed a demand for a jury trial. See Crim.R. 23. Once the demand for a jury trial has been filed in a petty offense case, the trial judge may not proceed to try the defendant without a jury unless the defendant makes a knowing, voluntary, and intelligent waiver of his right to a jury trial, and that waiver is made a part of the record pursuant to R.C. 2945.05. See State v. Tate (1979), 59 Ohio St.2d 50, 391 N.E.2d 738; State v. Cheadle (1986), 30 Ohio App.3d 253, 507 N.E.2d 426; State v. Crawley (Dec. 11, 1998), Hamilton App. No. C-980254, unreported; State v. Whaley (Jan. 26, 1983), Hamilton App. No. C-820254, unreported; see, also, State v. Pless (1996), 74 Ohio St.3d 333, 658 N.E.2d 766, paragraph one of the syllabus. Due to the plain error involved in this case, we reverse the judgment based upon our determination that no jury waiver was filed.
Because Pflanz's assignments of error are made moot by our disposition in this case, we do not address them.
The judgment of the municipal court is reversed and the cause remanded for further proceedings in accordance with law.
Judgment reversed and cause remanded. Gorman, P.J., and Sundermann, J., concur.
Please Note:
The court has placed of record its own entry in this case on the date of the release of this Decision.