Opinion
January 14, 1935.
February 4, 1935.
Practice — Judgment — Rule for judgment for want of sufficient affidavit of defense — Filing of reply to new matter as waiver — Controlling issue of fact — Summary judgment — Necessity of broad inquiry into facts — Act of March 30, 1925, P. L. 84.
1. Since section 6 of the Act of March 30, 1925, P. L. 84, 85, requires plaintiff to file an answer to the new matter forming part of an affidavit of defense, its filing will not operate as a waiver of plaintiff's right to apply for judgment for want of a sufficient affidavit of defense, even though the rule for judgment is not taken until after the reply to the new matter has been filed. [265]
2. If it clearly appears from a consideration of the statement of claim, the affidavit of defense, including the new matter attached thereto, and the reply to such new matter, that no controlling issue of fact is raised thereby, judgment may be entered for want of a sufficient affidavit of defense. If, however, a controlling issue of fact is thereby raised, the rule for judgment must be discharged, although such controlling issue appears only in the new matter and reply thereto, for in that event there is of record a pleading denying the right to such judgment. [265]
3. It is only in clear cases that a summary judgment can properly be entered. [265]
4. Where a proper judicial determination of a controversy will be facilitated by an opportunity for a broader inquiry into the facts than is presented by the bare pleadings, a rule for judgment for want of a sufficient affidavit of defense should be discharged. [265]
Principal and surety — Bonds — Public officer — Collection and safe-keeping of money.
5. A public officer charged with the collection and/or safe-keeping of public moneys, is liable only for such sums as he did or should have received, less all payments which he has properly made therefrom. The liability of the surety for the faithful performance of his duty, is likewise thus limited. [265-6]
Argued January 14, 1935.
Before FRAZER, C. J., SIMPSON, KEPHART, SCHAFFER, MAXEY, DREW and LINN, JJ.
Appeal, No. 94, Jan. T., 1935, by plaintiff, from judgment and order of C. P. Delaware Co., Sept. T., 1933, No. 1202, in case of Borough of Ridley Park v. American Surety Company of New York. Order affirmed.
Assumpsit on bond.
The opinion of the Supreme Court states the facts.
Rule for judgment for want of a sufficient affidavit of defense discharged, in opinion by MacDADE, J.
Error assigned was discharge of rule, quoting record.
Ellwood J. Turner, for appellant.
E. Wallace Chadwick, of Taylor, Chadwick Weeks, for appellee.
Plaintiff appeals from an order of the court below discharging its rule for judgment for want of a sufficient affidavit of defense. The order is right.
The pleadings in that court were a statement of claim; an affidavit of defense accompanied by a notice of new matter; plaintiff's reply to the new matter; and a rule for judgment for want of a sufficient affidavit of defense.
Two reasons are given for the discharge of the rule. The first is that "the filing of [a reply] to the affidavit of defense (here a reply to new matter in the affidavit, which new matter deals with the merits of the controversy), is an abandonment of the right to demur," which the court below considered the rule for judgment to be in effect. To this reason we do not assent. The statute requires an answer to be filed to the new matter: Section 6, Act of March 30, 1925, P. L. 84, 85. Under such circumstances no waiver of the right to judgment for want of a sufficient affidavit of defense will be implied: Federal Sales Co. v. Farrell, 264 Pa. 149, 152. If it clearly appears that there is no controlling issue of fact raised by the statement of claim and affidavit of defense, nor by the new matter and reply thereto, judgment may be entered for want of a sufficient affidavit of defense, although the rule therefor is not taken until after the reply to the new matter has been filed. If, however, a controlling issue of fact is thereby raised, the rule for judgment must be discharged, although such controlling issue appears only in the new matter and reply thereto, for, in that event, there is of record a pleading properly denying the right to such judgment.
The second reason given by the court below why the rule for judgment was not made absolute, was because it is only in a clear case that a summary judgment can properly be entered (Elliott v. McGoun, 307 Pa. 185), which it asserted was not the case here. So, also, we have said that "where a proper judicial determination of the controversy would be facilitated by an opportunity for a broader inquiry into the facts than is presented by the bare pleadings, the rule for judgment is properly discharged": Rodgers v. Mann, 307 Pa. 452.
The present is just such a case. We must, therefore, affirm the order appealed from and remit the record for such "broader inquiry." In considering this it is to be remembered that the surety defendant cannot be held liable except to the extent that, taking the whole matter into consideration, the treasurer is liable also. It is surety for him and not otherwise. His liability is for the balance ascertained by charging him with all sums which he did or should have received, and crediting him with all payments which he has properly made therefrom. The balance thus ascertained fixes his liability and that of his surety also: Section 1105, Act of May 4, 1927, P. L. 519, 565, as amended by the Act of June 9, 1931, P. L. 386, 392.
The order of the court below is affirmed.