Summary
In R.E.M. v. R.C.M., 804 S.W.2d 813 (Mo.Ct.App. 1991), the court held that the mother's claim to recover past expenditures in a paternity action was unliquidated and did not earn prejudgment interest.
Summary of this case from Padilla v. MontanoOpinion
No. 57918.
February 26, 1991.
APPEAL FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT, ST. LOUIS COUNTY, KENNETH M. ROMINES, J.
Aaron S. Dubin, St. Louis, for appellants.
Robert M. Paskal, Clayton, for respondent.
Appellant-mother appeals the trial court's refusal to grant either pre-judgment or post-judgment interest on the court's judgment against respondent-father. We affirm.
Mother brought suit against father seeking declaration of father's paternity of her four-and-a-half-year-old child, as well as orders for child custody and child support. Father admitted paternity. The court ordered father to pay mother $10,500 for expenses already incurred in raising the child. The court's order specified the judgment was to be paid without interest in forty-eight monthly installments.
Mother asserts the trial court erred in failing to award pre-judgment interest under § 408.020, RSMo 1986. Mother is incorrect. A mother's right to recover past expenditures for a child born out of wedlock arises under a quasi-contract theory, Robinett v. Robinett, 770 S.W.2d 299, 305 [14] (Mo.App. 1989), and thus sounds in quantum meruit. Ordinarily, interest in quantum meruit cases attaches from the day the money becomes due and demand for payment is made. However, this is not so in a proceeding to determine the existence of a parent-child relationship. The trial court has discretion in the matter of awarding pre-judgment interest. See Vogel v. Lake Timberline Property Owners, 741 S.W.2d 869, 872[4] (Mo.App. 1987).
Missouri adopted the Uniform Parentage Act in 1987. Section 210.841.4, RSMo Supp. 1990, provides in part:
The court may limit the father's liability for past support of the child to the proportion of the expenses already incurred that the court deems just.
Since the amount due mother was contingent upon the court's determination under the Uniform Parentage Act, the claim was unliquidated. No interest was due on mother's unliquidated claim because father did not know the amount he owed and could not be in default for not paying. See Herberholt v. DePaul Community Health Center, 648 S.W.2d 160, 162[1] (Mo.App. 1983).
Mother also proffers she was entitled to post-judgment interest on the 48 installments under § 408.040, RSMo Supp. 1990. But not so. In addition to father's liability for past expenses, the trial court ordered him to pay $150 per month for support of the child. Section 210.841.5 states the trial court must consider the needs of the child, but must also consider the financial means and earning ability of the parents. By authority of this Act, the trial court could order the 48 installments be paid without interest because that was the proportion of the expenses already incurred that the court deemed just. The trial court properly determined the amount father could reasonably pay per month.
Judgment affirmed.
GARY M. GAERTNER, P.J., and CRANDALL, C.J., concur.