Opinion
Case No. CIV-15-141-R
07-25-2016
ARCHIE RACHEL, Plaintiff, v. JEFFREY TROUTT, D.O; TAMI GROGAN, Health Services Administrator; JANET DOWLING, Warden; GENESE MCCOY, Administrative Review Authority; CARL PETTIGREW, President Of the Oklahoma Board of Osteopathic Examiners; ALL SUED IN BOTH THEIR OFFICIAL AND INDIVIDUAL CAPACITIES Defendants.
REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION
Plaintiff Archie Rachel, a state prisoner appearing pro se, brings this action pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983, alleging a violation of his constitutional rights. The matter has been referred to the undersigned magistrate judge for initial proceedings consistent with 28 U.S.C. § 636(b)(1)(B)-(C). Before the Court is Plaintiff's Motion for TRO/Injunction (ECF No. 56) and Motion for Restraining Order (ECF No. 62). For the following reasons, it is recommended that Plaintiff's motions be DENIED.
I. BACKGROUND
At the time he filed his Complaint, Plaintiff was an inmate confined at James Crabtree Correctional Center ("JCCC") in Helena, Oklahoma. By this action, Plaintiff sues Tami Grogan, Health Services Administrator ("HSA"); Jeff Troutt, D.O., Chief Medical Officer at JCCC; Genese McCoy, Administrative Review Authority; and Carl Pettigrew, President of the Oklahoma Board of Osteopathic Examiners. All defendants are sued in both their individual and official capacities. (ECF No. 1:1-3). The crux of Plaintiff's complaint is that defendants have been deliberately indifferent to his serious medical needs in violation of the Eight Amendment.
II. PLANTIFF'S MOTIONS FOR TRO/INJUNCTION
In his Motion for TRO/Injunction (ECF No. 56), Plaintiff requests an order directing the current warden at JCCC, Jason Bryant, to issue a directive that "the defendants and their relations and co-workers cease and desist from retaliating against him for filing this lawsuit." (ECF No. 56:1). Plaintiff complains about an incident in April 2016. He alleges Correctional Officer Steinward, who is not a party to this case, slammed his wheelchair into a wall, hurting Plaintiff's feet and toes. (ECF No. 56:3). He states that when he complained, Unit Manager Dan Grogan, also a non-party, ordered Steinward to "shake down" Plaintiff's cell. After the shake down, Plaintiff was put in handcuffs and taken to the segregation unit based on Steinward's discovery of apple juice in Plaintiff's cell. Based on the apple juice found in Plaintiff's cell, Steinward accused Plaintiff of possession of "hooch" (homemade alcohol) and initiated a disciplinary action. (ECF No. 56:4). Three days later, Plaintiff states that Chaplain Drawbridge issued a memo withdrawing Plaintiff's privilege to receive kosher meals for 120 days. Plaintiff further states that he is exhausting his administrative remedies regarding these incidents and intends to file a lawsuit based on them. (ECF No. 56:5).
Plaintiff describes a similar incident that occurred on May 10, 2016, alleging Officer Steinward again seized a container of apple juice, and for the third time accused Plaintiff of making homemade alcohol. Plaintiff states he was again taken to the special housing unit (SHU) and placed in a two-man cell. Plaintiff states he had to sleep on the floor of the cell for the first ten of the twenty-one days he remained in segregation without a disciplinary action taken against him. (ECF No. 62:2). He further contends he was denied medical care during his confinement in SHU. (ECF No. 62:2-3).
III. ANALYSIS
Both of Plaintiff's motions should be denied on two grounds. First, the prison officials whose conduct is the subject of the instant motion are not parties to the case, and their conduct is not related to the events giving rise to this lawsuit. See DeBeers Consolidated Mines, Ltd. v. United States, 325 U.S. 212, 220 (1945) (preliminary injunctive relief is only appropriate to grant intermediate relief of same character as that which may ultimately be granted); Little v. Jones, 607 F.3d 1245, 1251 (10th Cir. 2010) (movant must establish relationship between injury claimed in motion and conduct asserted in complaint).
Second, this Court received a Notice of Change of Address on July 11, 2016, stating that Plaintiff is now incarcerated in the Cimarron Correctional Facility (CCF). Plaintiff's transfer renders his motion for extraordinary relief moot. "Mootness is a threshold issue because the existence of a live case or controversy is a constitutional prerequisite to federal court jurisdiction." Schell v. OXY USA Inc., 814 F.3d 1107, 1113-14 (10th Cir. 2016) (internal quotations and citations omitted).
A. The Mootness Doctrine
"The crux of the mootness inquiry in an action for prospective relief is whether the court can afford meaningful relief that will have some effect in the real world." Rezaq v. Nalley, 677 F.3d 1001, 1008 (10th Cir. 2012) (internal citations and quotations omitted). When prospective equitable relief is requested, the requesting party must show an ongoing, personal stake in the outcome of the controversy, a likelihood of substantial and immediate irreparable injury, and the inadequacy of remedies at law. Jordan v. Sosa, 654 F.3d 1012, 1024 (10th Cir. 2011) (citing O'Shea v. Littleton, 414 U.S. 488, 502 (1974)). "Past exposure to illegal conduct does not in itself show a present case or controversy regarding injunctive relief." O'Shea, 414 U.S. at 495-96.
A claim will be "deemed moot unless a proper judicial resolution settles some dispute which affects the behavior of the defendant toward the plaintiff." McAlpine v. Thompson, 187 F.3d 1213, 1216 (10th Cir. 1999) (quotations omitted). Because Plaintiff is no longer at JCCC and no longer subjected to the conditions of which he complains in his motion, Plaintiff's request for injunctive relief is moot, unless he demonstrates the Court should apply a narrow exception to the doctrine of mootness.
B. Exception to Mootness
A narrow exception to the mootness doctrine is available for a special category of disputes that are "'capable of repetition'" while "'evading review.'" Turner v. Rogers, 534 U.S. 431, 439 (2011) (quoting Southern Pacific Terminal Co. v. ICC, 219 U.S. 498, 515 (1911)). A dispute falls into that category, and a case based on that dispute remains live, if "'(1) the challenged action [is] in its duration too short to be fully litigated prior to its cessation or expiration, and (2) there [is] a reasonable expectation that the same complaining party [will] be subjected to the same action again.'" Id. at 220 (quoting Weinstein v. Bradford, 423 U.S. 147, 149 (1975)). But "a mere physical or theoretical possibility" that the complaining party may be subjected to the same action again is insufficient to satisfy the second prong of the test. See Murphy v. Hunt, 455 U.S. 478, 479 (1982). Rather, there must be a "reasonable expectation" or a "demonstrated probability" that the same controversy will recur involving the same complaining party. Id. (quoting Weinstein v. Bradford, supra, at 149); see also Magee v. Waters, 810 F.2d 451, 452 (4th Cir.1987) (holding that a prisoner's transfer moots his request for injunctive relief for denial of access to courts in the facility from which he was transferred); Beyah v. Coughlin, 789 F.2d 986, 988 (2nd Cir. 1986) (holding similarly in the context of alleged deprivations of constitutional rights); Martin v. Sargent, 780 F.2d 1334, 1337 (8th Cir. 1985) (holding similarly in the context of inadequate conditions of confinement); McKinnon v. Talladega County, 745 F.2d 1360, 1363 (11th Cir. 1984) (concluding that a prisoner's argument that "there is no assurance that he will not be returned to the [first] jail" is not a defense to mootness).
Although, Plaintiff seems he would have this Court order that he be transferred back to JCCC (ECF No. 80), his request is unlikely to be granted. Prisoners have no constitutional right to placement in a particular penal institution. Rael v. Williams, 223 F.3d 1153, 1154 (10th Cir. 2000); Prows v. Federal Bureau of Prisons, 981 F.2d 466, 468 n. 3 (10th Cir. 1992). Moreover, courts do not generally interfere with the day-to-day administration of prisons. See O'Lone v. Estate of Shabazz, 482 U.S. 342, 353 (1987) (reaffirming refusal to substitute Court's judgment on difficult and sensitive matters of institutional administration for the determinations of those charged with the formidable task of running a prison) (quotations and citations omitted).
Accordingly, Plaintiff's requested injunctive relief does not fall within the narrow exception to mootness, and the motions for injunctive relief should be denied as moot.
RECOMMENDATION
It is recommended that Plaintiff's Motion for TRO/Injunction (ECF No. 56) and Motion for Restraining Order (ECF No. 62) be DENIED.
NOTICE OF RIGHT TO OBJECT
Plaintiff is advised of his right to file specific written objections to this Report and Recommendation. 28 U.S.C. § 636; Fed. R. Civ. P. 72. Any such objections must be filed with Clerk of the District Court by August 11, 2016. Plaintiff is further advised that failure to make timely objection to this Report and Recommendation waives the right to appellate review of the factual and legal issues addressed herein. Casanova v. Ulibarri, 595 F.3d 1120, 1123 (10th Cir. 2010).
STATUS OF REFERRAL
This Report and Recommendation DOES NOT DISPOSE OF ALL ISSUES referred to the undersigned magistrate judge in this matter.
ENTERED on July 25, 2016.
/s/_________
SHON T. ERWIN
UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE