Opinion
Civil Action 2:17-cv-253
03-19-2018
TASHA PLUMMER, Plaintiff, v. ADENA HEALTH SYSTEM, Defendant.
Judge Michael H. Watson
ORDER
This matter is before the Court on Plaintiff's Motion to File Sealed Documents. (Doc. 33). More specifically, Plaintiff seeks leave to file deposition exhibits under seal "in order to comply with the Stipulated Protective Order and to allow the Court to review the exhibits in conjunction with the deposition testimony." (Id. at 1). For the reasons that follow, the Motion is DENIED without prejudice.
I. STANDARD
A district court may enter a protective order during discovery on a mere showing of "good cause." Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(c)(1). "[V]ery different considerations apply" when a party seeks to seal documents "[a]t the adjudication stage," which applies "when the parties place material in the court record." Shane Grp., Inc. v. Blue Cross Blue Shield of Mich., 825 F.3d 299, 305 (6th Cir. 2016) (quotation omitted). "Unlike information merely exchanged between the parties, '[t]he public has a strong interest in obtaining the information contained in the court record.'" Id. (quoting Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corp. v. F.T.C., 710 F.2d 1165, 1180 (6th Cir. 1983)). For this reason, the moving party owns a "heavy" burden of overcoming a "'strong presumption in favor of openness' as to court records." Id. (quoting Brown & Williamson, 710 F.2d at 1179); see id. ("Only the most compelling reasons can justify non-disclosure of judicial records." (quotation omitted)). "[T]he seal itself must be narrowly tailored to serve that reason," which requires the moving party to "analyze in detail, document by document, the propriety of secrecy, providing reasons and legal citations." Id. at 305-06 (quotation omitted). Similarly, the court "that chooses to seal court records must set forth specific findings and conclusions which justify nondisclosure." Id. at 306 (quotation omitted).
II. DISCUSSION
The Sixth Circuit's recent decision in Shane Group, Inc. v. Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan provides guidance for analyzing Plaintiff's Motion. There, "[n]umerous court filings," including Plaintiffs' amended complaint, the motion for class certification, and 194 exhibits, were filed under seal. Graiser v. Visionworks of Am., Inc., No. 1:15-CV-2306, 2016 WL 3597718, at *1 (N.D. Ohio July 5, 2016). The sole justification was that the filings "contained materials designated as confidential under [a joint] protective order." Id.; see Shane, 825 F.3d 299 at 306. The Sixth Circuit held that such reasoning was "inadequate" to seal the documents at issue because it was "brief" and "perfunctory." Id.
Here, Plaintiff argues that filing deposition exhibits under seal is necessary "in order to comply with the Stipulated Protective Order." (Doc. 33 at 1). As was the case in Shane, this explanation is similarly "brief" and "perfunctory," and does not meet the heavy burden to justify sealing an entire set of documents at the adjudication stage. Shane, 825 F.3d at 306. The court in Shane also emphasized that, "[i]n delineating the injury to be prevented, specificity is essential." Id. at 307-08 (quoting In re Cendant Corp., 260 F.3d 183, 194 (3d Cir. 2001)). Plaintiff's explanation, based only on the general assertion that the exhibits were designated confidential pursuant to a protective order, does not "demonstrate—on a document-by-document, line-by-line basis—that specific information in the court record meets the demanding requirements for a seal." Id. at 308; see Blasi v. United Debt Servs., LLC, No. 2:14-CV-83, 2016 WL 3765539, at *1 (S.D. Ohio July 14, 2016) (applying Shane to reach a similar conclusion); Graiser, 2016 WL 3597718, at *2 (N.D. Ohio July 5, 2016) (same).
Plaintiff's Motion to File Sealed Documents (Doc. 33) is therefore DENIED without prejudice to re-filing. Plaintiff may re-file a more detailed and narrowly-tailored motion to seal if she so chooses. See Blasi, 2016 WL 3765539, at *1 (noting that a proper motion to seal must "demonstrate[] a compelling reason for filing under seal, . . . must be narrowly tailored to serve that reason," and must "analyze in detail, document by document, the propriety of secrecy, providing reasons and legal citations").
IT IS SO ORDERED. Date: March 19, 2018
/s/ Kimberly A. Jolson
KIMBERLY A. JOLSON
UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE