Opinion
1:94-cr-00042-GZS 1:16-cv-00232-GZS
06-06-2016
THOMAS PLATT, Petitioner, v. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, Respondent
RECOMMENDED DECISION ON 28 U.S.C. § 2255 MOTION
Petitioner Thomas Platt has filed a second or successive motion, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2255, to vacate, set aside or correct his sentence. (Motion, ECF No. 95.) Petitioner cites Johnson v. United States, --- U.S. ---, 135 S. Ct. 2551 (2015), as the basis for relief, and he requests that counsel be appointed. (Id. at 1-2.)
Petitioner was convicted in 1995 of (1) conspiracy to obstruct commerce by robbery, 18 U.S.C. § 1951; (2) robbery, 18 U.S.C. §§ 1951 and 2; (3) using or carrying a firearm in relation to a crime of violence, and aiding and abetting the same, 18 U.S.C. §§ 924(c) and 2; (4) possession of a firearm not registered to him, 26 U.S.C. §§ 5861(d) and 5871; and (5) being a felon in possession of firearms, 18 U.S.C. §§ 922(g)(1), 924(a)(2), 924(e)(1). United States v. Platt, 85 F.3d 743, 746 (1st Cir. 2006) (statute sections cited as in opinion). Petitioner was sentenced to a total prison term of 382 months, to be followed by a total term of five years of supervised release. (Judgment, ECF No. 44.) Petitioner appealed from the conviction, and the First Circuit affirmed. Platt, 85 F.3d at 751-52.
Petitioner filed his first section 2255 motion in 1997; the Court denied relief on the merits, Platt v. United States, No. 1:97-cv-00183-MAB (D. Me. Dec. 22, 1997) (ECF No. 69), and the First Circuit denied a certificate of appealability, United States v. Platt, No. 98-1083 (1st Cir. Feb. 27, 1998) (ECF No. 72). See Bucci v. United States, 809 F.3d 23, 27 (1st Cir. 2015) (noting that a prior petition that was not decided on the merits may not count as a first petition).
This Court lacks jurisdiction to consider a second or successive section 2255 motion unless the First Circuit has specifically authorized the Court to consider it. Section 2244 applies to second or successive section 2255 motions, pursuant to section 2255(h). Section 2244(b)(3)(A) states: "Before a second or successive application permitted by this section is filed in the district court, the applicant shall move in the appropriate court of appeals for an order authorizing the district court to consider the application." See also First Circuit Rule 22.1. The First Circuit has held: "We have interpreted [section 2255(h)] as 'stripping the district court of jurisdiction over a second or successive habeas petition unless and until the court of appeals has decreed that it may go forward.'" Trenkler v. United States, 536 F.3d 85, 96 (1st Cir. 2008) (quoting Pratt v. United States, 129 F.3d 54, 57 (1st Cir. 1997)). A review of the record reveals that Petitioner apparently has not applied to the First Circuit for permission to file the pending second or successive motion. See 28 U.S.C. §§ 2244, 2255.
Because the record lacks any evidence that the First Circuit has authorized Petitioner to proceed on the pending motion, the Court is without jurisdiction to consider the merits of the motion. First Circuit Rule 22.1(e) provides that if a second or successive section 2255 petition is filed in the district court without the required authorization from the First Circuit, the district court "will transfer the petition to the court of appeals pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1631 or dismiss the petition." The issue, therefore, is whether the Court should dismiss or transfer the matter.
Title 28 U.S.C. § 1631 states:
Whenever a civil action is filed in a court as defined in section 610 of this title or an appeal, including a petition for review of administrative action, is noticed for or filed with such a court and that court finds that there is a want of jurisdiction, the court shall, if it is in the interest of justice, transfer such action or appeal to any other such court in which the action or appeal could have been brought at the time it was filed or noticed, and the action or appeal shall proceed as if it had been filed in or noticed for the court to which it is transferred on the date upon which it was actually filed in or noticed for the court from which it is transferred.
Given that Petitioner relies on the Supreme Court's ruling in Johnson to support his motion and given that the one year limitations period for filing Johnson-related motions might soon expire, transfer is appropriate. See United States v. Barrett, 178 F.3d 34, 41 n.1 (1st Cir. 1999) (holding that transfer is not mandated, but noting "that transfer may be preferable in some situations in order to deal with statute of limitations problems or certificate of appealability issues"); In re Watkins, 810 F.3d 375, 378 (6th Cir. 2015) (noting that the district court had transferred to the circuit court, pursuant to section 1631, a second or successive section 2255 motion containing a claim under Johnson, 135 S. Ct. 2551, for the circuit court to consider whether to authorize the motion as a second or successive section 2255 motion).
Because the transfer statute, 28 U.S.C. § 1631, specifically provides that the "action or appeal shall proceed as if it had been filed in or noticed for the court to which it is transferred on the date upon which it was actually filed in or noticed for the court from which it is transferred," the transfer recommendation anticipates that if the First Circuit authorizes Petitioner's second or successive section 2255 motion after the expiration of the one-year limitation period, Petitioner's section 2255 motion would be reinstated to this Court's docket and would be considered to have been timely filed. --------
CONCLUSION
Based on the foregoing analysis, I recommend the Court transfer the pending section 2255 motion to the First Circuit, pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1631 and First Circuit Rule 22.1(e). I further recommend that the Court deny a certificate of appealability pursuant to Rule 11 of the Rules Governing Section 2255 Cases because there is no substantial showing of the denial of a constitutional right within the meaning of 28 U.S.C. § 2253(c)(2).
NOTICE
A party may file objections to those specified portions of a magistrate judge's report or proposed findings or recommended decisions entered pursuant to 28 U.S.C. 636(b)(1)(B) for which de novo review by the district court is sought, together with a supporting memorandum, within fourteen (14) days of being served
with a copy thereof. A responsive memorandum shall be filed within fourteen (14) days after the filing of the objection.
Failure to file a timely objection shall constitute a waiver of the right to de novo review by the district court and to appeal the district court's order.
/s/ John C. Nivison
U.S. Magistrate Judge Dated this 6th day of June, 2016.
First Circuit Rule 22.1(e) states:
If a second or successive § 2254 or § 2255 petition is filed in a district court without the requisite authorization by the court of appeals pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 2244(b)(3), the district court will transfer the petition to the court of appeals pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1631 or dismiss the petition. If the petition is transferred, the petitioner must file a motion meeting the substantive requirements of Loc. R. 22.1(a) within 45 days of the date of notice from the clerk of the court of appeals that said motion is required. If the motion is not timely filed, the court will enter an order denying authorization for the § 2254 or § 2255 petition.