Opinion
2012-09-28
The PEOPLE of the State of New York, Respondent, v. Angela WILLIAMS, Defendant–Appellant.
Frank H. Hiscock Legal Aid Society, Syracuse (Kristen McDermott of Counsel), for Defendant–Appellant. William J. Fitzpatrick, District Attorney, Syracuse (Susan C. Azzarelli of Counsel), for Respondent.
Frank H. Hiscock Legal Aid Society, Syracuse (Kristen McDermott of Counsel), for Defendant–Appellant.William J. Fitzpatrick, District Attorney, Syracuse (Susan C. Azzarelli of Counsel), for Respondent.
PRESENT: SCUDDER, P.J., SMITH, CENTRA, FAHEY, AND PERADOTTO, JJ.
MEMORANDUM:
Defendant appeals from a judgment convicting her upon a jury verdict of burglary in the third degree (Penal Law § 140.20). Defendant failed to preserve for our review her contention that the evidence is legally insufficient to support the conviction ( see People v. Gray, 86 N.Y.2d 10, 19, 629 N.Y.S.2d 173, 652 N.E.2d 919). Viewing the evidence in light of the elements of the crime as charged to the jury ( see People v. Danielson, 9 N.Y.3d 342, 349, 849 N.Y.S.2d 480, 880 N.E.2d 1), we reject defendant's further contention that the verdict is against the weight of the evidence. Although an acquittal would not have been unreasonable, we cannot say that the jury failed to give the evidence the weight it should be accorded ( see generally Danielson, 9 N.Y.3d at 348, 849 N.Y.S.2d 480, 880 N.E.2d 1;People v. Bleakley, 69 N.Y.2d 490, 495, 515 N.Y.S.2d 761, 508 N.E.2d 672).
We reject defendant's contention that County Court failed to exercise its discretion in its Sandoval ruling and that, in the event that the court in fact exercised its discretion, the court abused its discretion. “ ‘The extent to which prior convictions bear on the issue of a defendant's credibility is a question entrusted to the sound discretion of the court, reviewable only for clear abuse of discretion’ ” ( People v. Nichols, 302 A.D.2d 953, 953, 755 N.Y.S.2d 545,lv. denied99 N.Y.2d 657, 760 N.Y.S.2d 121, 790 N.E.2d 295). When the convictions that the People seek to use are for crimes of individual dishonesty, the convictions should usually be admitted on a trial for similar charges, “ ‘notwithstanding the risk of possible prejudice, because the very issue on which the offer is made is that of the veracity of the defendant as a witness in the case’ ” ( People v. Arguinzoni, 48 A.D.3d 1239, 1241, 852 N.Y.S.2d 546,lv. denied10 N.Y.3d 859, 860 N.Y.S.2d 485, 890 N.E.2d 248;see People v. Sandoval, 34 N.Y.2d 371, 377, 357 N.Y.S.2d 849, 314 N.E.2d 413;People v. Alston, 27 A.D.3d 1141, 1142, 811 N.Y.S.2d 251,lv. denied6 N.Y.3d 892, 817 N.Y.S.2d 627, 850 N.E.2d 674). The convictions the People sought to use here, i.e., convictions of petit larceny, grand larceny, and criminal possession of stolen property, are all convictions of crimes involving individual dishonesty. We conclude that the court properly exercised its discretion in ruling that, if defendant testified, the People could impeach defendant using the grand larceny conviction, two petit larceny convictions, and one criminal possession of stolen property conviction. With respect to defendant's remaining convictions, the court properly ruled that the People could generally ask defendant whether she had been convicted of any other misdemeanors.
Contrary to defendant's contention, she was not denied effective assistance of counsel. To establish that she received ineffective assistance of counsel, defendant was required to demonstrate “the absence of a strategic or other legitimate explanation for defense counsel's alleged shortcomings” ( People v. Smith, 93 A.D.3d 1345, 1346, 940 N.Y.S.2d 768,lv. denied19 N.Y.3d 967, 950 N.Y.S.2d 119, 973 N.E.2d 217). Here, defendant failed to establish that defense counsel lacked a strategic or other legitimate reason for asserting during his opening statement that defendant would testify or for eliciting testimony that the individuals in the vehicle in which defendant was riding were using drugs. Indeed, it appears that it was defense counsel's strategy to elicit an admission of drug use from the driver of the vehicle so that defense counsel could impeach his testimony. Additionally, defendant was not denied effective assistance of counsel due to defense counsel's failure to make certain objections or arguments. Rather, viewing defense counsel's representation of defendant in its entirety, we conclude that defendant was afforded meaningful representation ( see generally People v. Schulz, 4 N.Y.3d 521, 530, 797 N.Y.S.2d 24, 829 N.E.2d 1192). Defendant's contentions that she was denied effective assistance of counsel because defense counsel was unprepared for trial and did not present a clear and consistent theory of defense are not supported by the record.
We further reject defendant's contention that the court failed to make a sufficient inquiry into defendant's complaints about defense counsel and her request for new representation. Defendant did not make “specific factual allegations of ‘serious complaints about counsel’ ” that required the court to conduct a minimal inquiry ( People v. Porto, 16 N.Y.3d 93, 100, 917 N.Y.S.2d 74, 942 N.E.2d 283). In any event, the court questioned defendant about her complaints against defense counsel, and defendant did not provide any further details about those complaints.
We agree with defendant, however, that she was improperly sentenced as a second felony offender. When the court asked defendant if she would admit to being convicted of grand larceny in the fourth degree on March 26, 2004, she stated that she would not do so, that she wanted a hearing, and that she did not remember the prior conviction. Under the circumstances, we agree with defendant that she sufficiently controverted the allegations to warrant a hearing ( seeCPL 400.21[3], [5] ). We therefore modify the judgment by vacating the sentence, and we remit the matter to County Court for resentencing in compliance with the procedures set forth in CPL 400.21.
It is hereby ORDERED that the judgment so appealed from is unanimously modified on the law by vacating the sentence and as modified the judgment is affirmed, and the matter is remitted to Onondaga County Court for resentencing.