Opinion
2014-10-23
The PEOPLE of the State of New York, Respondent, v. Harold G. VERLEY, Appellant.
Michelle E. Stone, Vestal, for appellant. Weeden A. Wetmore, District Attorney, Elmira (Damian M. Sonsire of counsel), for respondent.
Michelle E. Stone, Vestal, for appellant. Weeden A. Wetmore, District Attorney, Elmira (Damian M. Sonsire of counsel), for respondent.
Before: McCARTHY, J.P., ROSE, EGAN JR., DEVINE and CLARK, JJ.
ROSE, J.
Appeal from a judgment of the County Court of Chemung County (Hayden, J.), rendered January 13, 2012, upon a verdict convicting defendant of the crimes of promoting prison contraband in the first degree and criminal possession of a controlled substance in the seventh degree.
Defendant, an inmate at Elmira Correctional Facility, was found unresponsive on the floor of his cell from an apparent drug overdose. When a search of his cell revealed two small balloons filled with heroin, he was charged with promoting prison contraband in the first degree and criminal possession of a controlled substance in the seventh degree. Defendant was convicted of both counts. He now appeals, challenging the verdict convicting him of promoting prison contraband in the first degree as based on legally insufficient evidence and against the weight of the evidence on the ground that the heroin found in his cell does not constitute “dangerous contraband” (Penal Law §§ 205.00[4]; 205.25[2] ).
“[T]he test for determining whether an item is dangerous contraband is whether its particular characteristics are such that there is a substantial probability that the item will be used in a manner that is likely to cause death or other serious injury, to facilitate an escape, or to bring about other major threats to a detention facility's institutional safety and security” (People v. Finley, 10 N.Y.3d 647, 657, 862 N.Y.S.2d 1, 891 N.E.2d 1165 [2008] [emphasis omitted]; accord People v. Cash, 95 A.D.3d 1374, 1375, 943 N.Y.S.2d 677 [2012], lv. denied19 N.Y.3d 958, 950 N.Y.S.2d 110, 973 N.E.2d 208 [2012] ). Here, the People presented evidence that when defendant was found on the floor of his cell, he was unresponsive, with shallow breathing, constricted pupils and low oxygen saturation levels, all signs that are indicative of a drug overdose. Narcan was administered to reverse the effects of the overdose and defendant was transported to a hospital, where he remained for 24 hours and received an additional dose of Narcan. Defendant testified that he obtained the heroin from another inmate and that his intent was to use it to commit suicide.
As noted by County Court, contraband will be considered dangerous under the statutory definition as long as it endangers the safety of “any person” (Penal Law § 205.00[4] ). Inasmuch as the heroin possessed by defendant clearly endangered his own safety, and he freely admitted that he used it to harm himself, there was legally sufficient evidence from which the jury could reasonably conclude that it constituted dangerous contraband and we do not find that the verdict was against the weight of the evidence ( see People v. Cooper, 67 A.D.3d 1254, 1256–1257, 889 N.Y.S.2d 714 [2009], lv. denied14 N.Y.3d 799, 899 N.Y.S.2d 133, 925 N.E.2d 937 [2010]; People v. Watson, 162 A.D.2d 1015, 1015, 557 N.Y.S.2d 803 [1990], appeal dismissed77 N.Y.2d 857, 568 N.Y.S.2d 13, 569 N.E.2d 872 [1991] ).
ORDERED that the judgment is affirmed. McCARTHY, J.P., EGAN JR., DEVINE and CLARK, JJ., concur.