Opinion
08-09-2017
The PEOPLE, etc., respondent, v. Stephan SCHLACKMAN, appellant.
Lynn W.L. Fahey, New York, NY (Yvonne Shivers of counsel), for appellant, and appellant pro se. Richard A. Brown, District Attorney, Kew Gardens, NY (John M. Castellano, Johnnette Traill, and William H. Branigan of counsel), for respondent.
Lynn W.L. Fahey, New York, NY (Yvonne Shivers of counsel), for appellant, and appellant pro se.
Richard A. Brown, District Attorney, Kew Gardens, NY (John M. Castellano, Johnnette Traill, and William H. Branigan of counsel), for respondent.
Appeal by the defendant from a judgment of the Supreme Court, Queens County (Griffin, J.), rendered August 14, 2014, convicting him of attempted murder in the second degree, attempted arson in the second degree, and reckless endangerment in the first degree, upon a jury verdict, and imposing sentence.
ORDERED that the judgment is affirmed.
The defendant was convicted of attempted murder in the second degree ( Penal Law §§ 110.00, 125.25 ), attempted arson in the second degree ( Penal Law §§ 110.00, 150.15 ), and reckless endangerment in the first degree ( Penal Law § 120.25 ), based on an incident where he placed a tub of gasoline at the front door of the home of the boyfriend of the mother of his children, and attempted to light it on fire. The defendant's contention that, with respect to the count of attempted murder in the second degree, the People failed to present legally sufficient evidence that he intended to kill the boyfriend, is without merit. Viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the prosecution (see People v. Calabria, 3 N.Y.3d 80, 81–82, 783 N.Y.S.2d 321, 816 N.E.2d 1257 ), we find that it was legally sufficient to establish that the defendant intended to cause the boyfriend's death. Moreover, in fulfilling our responsibility to conduct an independent review of the weight of the evidence (see CPL 470.15[5] ; People v. Danielson, 9 N.Y.3d 342, 849 N.Y.S.2d 480, 880 N.E.2d 1 ), we are satisfied that the verdict as to the attempted murder in the second degree count was not against the weight of the evidence (see People v. Romero, 7 N.Y.3d 633, 826 N.Y.S.2d 163, 859 N.E.2d 902 ).
Under the circumstances of this case, the Supreme Court improvidently exercised its discretion in granting the People's request that it give the jury a missing witness instruction as to a friend of the defendant (see People v. O'Hara, 253 A.D.2d 560, 561, 677 N.Y.S.2d 373 ; cf. People v. Savinon, 100 N.Y.2d 192, 197–198, 761 N.Y.S.2d 144, 791 N.E.2d 401 ). Nonetheless, reversal is not required as a result of the erroneously delivered missing witness charge because there was overwhelming evidence of the defendant's guilt and no significant probability that the defendant would have been acquitted absent the instruction (see People v. Crimmins, 36 N.Y.2d 230, 242, 367 N.Y.S.2d 213, 326 N.E.2d 787 ; cf. People v. Hall, 18 N.Y.3d 122, 132, 936 N.Y.S.2d 630, 960 N.E.2d 399 ).
The Supreme Court did not improvidently exercise its discretion in denying the defendant's motion for a mistrial after a witness referred to a matter that the court had ruled was inadmissible. "The decision whether to grant a motion for a mistrial ‘rests within the sound discretion of the trial court which is in the best position to determine if [a mistrial] is truly necessary to protect the defendant's right to a fair trial’ " ( People v. Arena, 70 A.D.3d 1044, 1046, 895 N.Y.S.2d 514, quoting People v. Cooper, 173 A.D.2d 551, 552, 570 N.Y.S.2d 147 ; see People v. Whitely, 41 A.D.3d 622, 623, 837 N.Y.S.2d 345 ). Here, the objectionable testimony was promptly stricken from the record, and defense counsel declined the court's offer to give a curative instruction. The mere mention of the precluded matter did not itself deprive the defendant of a fair trial (see People v. Hakmoun, 232 A.D.2d 243, 243–244, 649 N.Y.S.2d 1 ).
The defendant's contention that the admission of certain evidence violated his constitutional right to confront witnesses against him is unpreserved for appellate review (see CPL 470.05[2] ; People v. Liner, 9 N.Y.3d 856, 856–857, 840 N.Y.S.2d 755, 872 N.E.2d 868 ; People v. Castro, 149 A.D.3d 862, 52 N.Y.S.3d 385 ), and we decline to review it in the exercise of our interest of justice jurisdiction (see CPL 470.15[6][a] ).
The defendant's remaining contentions, raised in his pro se supplemental brief, are without merit, or rest on matter that is, in part, dehors the record and cannot be determined solely with reference to matter that is on the record (see People v. Williams, 149 A.D.3d 986, 50 N.Y.S.3d 305).
MASTRO, J.P., BALKIN, SGROI and DUFFY, JJ., concur.