Opinion
December 16, 1991
Appeal from the Supreme Court, Queens County (Dufficy, J.).
Ordered that the judgment is affirmed.
Shortly after 5:00 o'clock in the evening of December 30, 1987, three armed men robbed a Queens travel agency. During the course of the robbery, one of the perpetrators struck the complainant in the head with a gun, and took her ring and watch. The perpetrators then forced the complainant to reveal where the agency kept its cash receipts, and fled with over $5,000. Approximately 20 minutes later, Police Officers Timothy Conner and Alfonso Delligatti apprehended two men who fit the description of the robbers, and immediately returned the suspects to the travel agency, which was located about 20 blocks away, for a showup.
At an ensuing Wade hearing, Officer Conner testified that when he arrived at the travel agency with the two suspects, the complainant was receiving medical treatment inside an Emergency Medical Service ambulance. The ambulance was equipped with a one-way mirror, and after receiving a signal from an officer inside the ambulance, Conner brought the defendant to the side of the vehicle to enable the complainant to view him. The complainant then identified the defendant as the assailant who had struck her with his gun during the commission of the robbery.
On appeal, the defendant contends, inter alia, that the People failed to meet their burden of establishing that the showup procedure was not unduly suggestive because they did not call the police officer who remained inside the ambulance with the complainant while Officer Conner exhibited the defendant. However, since the defendant failed to advance this argument at the Wade hearing, his present contention is unpreserved for appellate review (see, CPL 470.05; People v Gonzalez, 55 N.Y.2d 887, 888; People v Tutt, 38 N.Y.2d 1011). In any event, a showup procedure which is less than ideal may be acceptable in the interest of a prompt identification (People v Duuvon, 77 N.Y.2d 541; People v Love, 57 N.Y.2d 1023; People v Slade, 174 A.D.2d 639), and the record discloses that the showup was conducted in close spatial and temporal proximity to the offense and to the subsequent apprehension of the defendant. Under these circumstances, we find that the People met their initial burden in establishing the reasonableness of the police conduct, and the lack of any undue suggestiveness (see, People v Chipp, 75 N.Y.2d 327, 335, cert denied ___ US ___, 111 S Ct 99; People v Love, supra; People v Carbonaro, 162 A.D.2d 459; People v James, 110 A.D.2d 1037). Moreover, it is the defendant who bears the ultimate burden of proving that the identification procedure was unduly suggestive (see, People v Chipp, supra), and at bar the defendant offered no proof of any unduly suggestive police conduct (see, People v Slade, supra). Accordingly, suppression of the complainant's identification testimony was properly denied.
Further, contrary to the defendant's contention, the Supreme Court did not improvidently exercise its discretion in proceeding to trial in his absence. The record reveals that after the People moved the case to trial on June 24, 1988, the court advised the defendant of his right to be present at trial, as well as of the consequences of failing to appear for trial (see, People v Parker, 57 N.Y.2d 136, 140). Despite the court's warnings, the defendant did not appear for the scheduled commencement of trial. The court conducted a hearing to determine whether the defendant's absence from trial was voluntary, and the prosecution established that reasonable efforts to locate the defendant were made, but proved unsuccessful. Under these circumstances, the defendant knowingly, voluntarily and intelligently waived his right to be present at trial (see, People v Parker, supra; People v Nance, 175 A.D.2d 185; People v Davenport, 173 A.D.2d 633).
The defendant's sentence was neither unduly harsh nor excessive (see, People v Suitte, 90 A.D.2d 80).
We have considered the defendant's remaining contentions, and find that they are either unpreserved for appellate review or without merit. Kunzeman, J.P., Sullivan, Eiber and Ritter, JJ., concur.