Opinion
23778
September 29, 2003.
MILLER, WEINER ASSOCIATES, P.C., 270 Fair St., P.O. Box 4030, Kingston, New York 12402, By: Cappy Weiner, Esq., of counsel, Attorney for Defendant.
Ulster County District Atty's Office, 275 Wall St., Kingston, New York 12401, By: Emmanuel C. Nneji, ADA, Attorney for the People.
DECISION
This matter comes on by letter/motion of defendant that statements made by the alleged victim, three year old Samantha Doe, to her mother directly after the alleged sexual abuse are hearsay and inadmissible.
The prosecution is prepared does not intend on calling the child as an un-sworn witness, but will use the mother's testimony of the child's "recent complaint" under hearsay exceptions or res gestae and/or prompt outcry.
STATEMENT OF FACTS
The defendant, Bobbie G. Potter, Sr. is charged by Indictment # 164-02 with Sexual Abuse in the First Degree and Endangering the Welfare of a child. On or about January 25, 2002, the defendant allegedly sexually abused a three-year-old female, Samantha Doe, at her mother's residence in Ulster County.
The name of the victim is being withheld from publication by the Court.
On or about January 25, 2002 the defendant visited the home of Barbara Doe and her children at 157 Glenerie Boulevard in the Town of Saugerties, Ulster County, New York. Ms. Doe, who was just returning from work fed her children supper, and dressed the three-year-old for bed in her underwear, pajama top and pajama bottom. Shortly thereafter, Ms. Doe told the defendant to leave because she was tired and needed to go to bed however, Ms. Doe fell asleep on the couch and did not awake until the three-year-old victim woke her up later that night. Ms. Doe did not notice when the defendant had left the home. Ms. Doe did notice, however, that the chimes usually attached to her door and which she noticed were there when she returned from work, were no longer hanging from the door.
Later that night, when Samantha Doe woke her mother, Ms. Doe noticed that the child was cold to the touch and not wearing the pajama pants she had dressed her in before putting her to bed. When Ms. Doe asked the child why she was not wearing her pajama pants, the child responded that the defendant took her out of the house, into a car and touched her in her private area, and pointed to the vaginal area. During that response, the victim pointed to her vagina. Later that day, the Ms. Doe took her to the doctor and reported the matter to the police. There was no physical injury to the child noted by the examining doctor.
There is no question that the alleged victim's statements to her mother were made immediately after the alleged sexual abuse. Thus, said statements to the mother are a "prompt outcry" of the victim.
The law in the State of New York is clear that evidence from either the victim, or any witness who heard the victim, is admissible concerning the prompt complaint or outcry of sexual abuse. Richardson, § 8-615, p652; People v McDaniel , 81 N.Y.2d 10 (1993).
"In this state, evidence that a victim of sexual assault promptly complained about the incident is admissible to corroborate the allegation that an assault took place (see, People v Rice, 75 N.Y.2d 929, 931; People v Deitsch, 237 N.Y. 300, 304; People v O'Sullivan, 104 NY, at 486-487; Richardson, Evidence § 292 [Prince 10th Ed]). Historically, the doctrine evolved from the common-law requirement of "hue and cry," where all victims were required to prove they immediately alerted the community that a crime had occurred (State v Hill, 121 N.J. 150, 157, 578 A.2d 370, 374; Note, A Matter of Time: Evidence of a Victim's Prompt Complaint in New York, 53 Brooklyn L Rev 1087, 1089)". People v McDaniel , supra.
Prompt outcry is admissible as an exception to what would otherwise be hearsay but testimony concerning the statement must be a concise and accurate representation which does not convey any details except those necessary to elicit the nature of the complaint. People v McDaniel , supra; People v Green , 298 A.D.2d 209 (1st Dept., 2002).
Additionally, the statement to the mother is part of the res gestae of the instant matter, under the immediate circumstances as the child presented to the mother that morning. People v Vicaretti , 54 A.D.2d 236 (4th, Dept., 1976).
Thus, the mother cannot testify to any of the details of the touching since the courts have uniformly held that only the fact of the complaint, not its details is admissible. ( People v Rice , 75 N.Y.2d 929, 932.)
However, the defense contents that even if the daughter's statements are prompt outcry it is still inadmissible because the "outcry" is from an incompetent declarant; ie, a three year old who could not provide either sworn or unsworn testimony. But, the prompt outcry is not a statement going to the truth of the matter. It is simply a showing that a prompt outcry was made.
Indeed, the Assistant District Attorney at this juncture, prior to trial, has indicated to counsel and this Court that he doesn't intend to call the three year old (now four), as a witness.
Based upon the above, it is
ORDERED, that the "prompt outcry" of the alleged victim to her mother is admissible, as to the concise and accurate statement of said outcry without unnecessary detail.