Opinion
570419/18
04-27-2021
The PEOPLE of the State of New York, Respondent, v. Steven NUNEZ, Defendant-Appellant.
Per Curiam.
Judgment of conviction (Steven M. Statsinger, J.), rendered May 30, 2018, affirmed.
The verdict was supported by legally sufficient evidence and was not against the weight of the evidence. There is no basis for disturbing the jury's credibility determinations. The evidence satisfied the "authorized arrest" element of resisting arrest ( Penal Law § 205.30 ) and the "official function" element of obstructing governmental administration in the second degree ( Penal Law § 195.05 ), since it established that police had probable cause to arrest defendant for attempted third-degree assault or second-degree harassment (see People v Jensen , 86 NY2d 248, 253 [1995] ; see also People v Sumter , 151 AD3d 556, 557 [2017] ). While police were arresting another individual outside 206 Audubon Avenue, defendant walked to within an arm's length of the officer, began swearing and then swung his right arm at the officer's face, a punch the officer was able to block before defendant ran through the crowd. Defendant was properly convicted of resisting arrest notwithstanding that he was acquitted of attempted assault and disorderly conduct (see People v Laltoo , 22 AD3d 230 [2005] ; see also Matter of Terrance B. , 40 AD3d 1083 [2007], lv denied 9 NY3d 811 [2007] ).
The court appropriately exercised its discretion in denying defendant's request for an adverse inference concerning the People's failure to provide an audio version of the radio transmission requesting backup. There was no bad faith or lack of diligence on the part of the People (see People v Martinez , 71 NY2d 937, 940 [1988], and defendant was not prejudiced in that he was furnished with the Sprint report of the call, which afforded him sufficient opportunity for impeachment (see People v Bailey , 24 AD3d 106, 106 [2005], lv denied 6 NY3d 773 [2006] ; People v Marengo , 276 AD2d 358, 359 [2000], lv denied 95 NY2d 936 [2000] ). Defendant's claim that the actual recording would have had additional impeachment value is entirely speculative (see People v Brown , 92 AD3d 455, 457 [2012], lv denied 18 NY3d 955 [2012] ; People v Peralta , 271 AD2d 359, 359 [2000], lv denied 95 NY2d 837 [2000] ). As noted by the lower court, defendant suffered "the most minimal" prejudice given the officer's express testimony that he never mentioned defendant's attempt to punch him during the radio transmission and defense counsel questioned the officer at length about this omission during cross-examination.
In any event, even assuming the trial court erred in declining to issue an adverse inference instruction, the error was harmless beyond a reasonable doubt in view of the overwhelming evidence of defendant's guilt (see People v Crimmins , 36 NY2d 230, 241-242 [1975] ; People v Suero , 159 AD3d 656, 656 [2018], lv denied 31 NY3d 1122 [2018] ).
All concur.