Opinion
March 16, 1990
Appeal from the Monroe County Court, Marks, J.
Present — Dillon, P.J., Boomer, Green, Pine and Balio, JJ.
Judgment unanimously affirmed. Memorandum: Defendant was convicted of two counts of criminal sale of a controlled substance in the third degree and two counts of criminal possession of a controlled substance in the seventh degree. He contends that the trial court erred in denying his requests for a "missing witness" charge and for the disclosure of the identity of a confidential informant. We disagree.
Defendant failed to show his entitlement to a missing witness charge. The party seeking the charge must establish "that the uncalled witness is knowledgeable about a material issue upon which evidence is already in the case; that the witness would naturally be expected to provide noncumulative testimony favorable to the party who has not called him, and that the witness is available to such party". (People v Gonzalez, 68 N.Y.2d 424, 427.) Here, defendant failed to show that the testimony of the informant would be "important and favorable, not merely cumulative or trivial" (People v Dillard, 96 A.D.2d 112, 115). The only issue of which the informant had knowledge was the identity of defendant, but this was not a case where identity was seriously contested (cf., People v Erts, 138 A.D.2d 506, affd 73 N.Y.2d 872). The identification of defendant as the seller of the cocaine was corroborated by an officer from the surveillance team and defendant did not raise an alibi defense or otherwise significantly challenge the credibility of the officers (cf., People v Ronchi, 154 A.D.2d 891).
We also conclude that the court did not abuse its discretion when it denied defendant's request for disclosure of the informant's identity. The request was made at the conclusion of the direct testimony of the People's first witness, Officer Hopkins, who testified to the purchases of cocaine from defendant. The court denied disclosure but reserved defendant's "right to renew the application at a later time". The application was not renewed. With the issue in that posture, we need only determine whether the court's ruling was proper when made, and obviously it was. Nevertheless, on review of the entire record, we find that here, as in People v Brown ( 34 N.Y.2d 163, 172, cert denied 419 U.S. 1012), "the risk of mistaken identification was minimal" and defendant failed to show, either by demonstrating weakness in the prosecutor's case or by development of a defense, that disclosure of the informant's identity would have been appropriate.