Opinion
767 KA 11-02498
06-12-2015
The PEOPLE of the State of New York, Respondent, v. Walter LEWIS, Defendant–Appellant.
Linda M. Campbell, Syracuse, for Defendant–Appellant. William J. Fitzpatrick, District Attorney, Syracuse (James P. Maxwell of Counsel), for Respondent.
Linda M. Campbell, Syracuse, for Defendant–Appellant. William J. Fitzpatrick, District Attorney, Syracuse (James P. Maxwell of Counsel), for Respondent.
PRESENT: SCUDDER, P.J., SMITH, SCONIERS, VALENTINO, and DeJOSEPH, JJ.
Opinion
MEMORANDUM: Defendant appeals from a judgment convicting him upon a jury verdict of, inter alia, assault in the second degree (Penal Law § 120.05 [2] ) and two counts of assault in the third degree (§ 120.00[1] ). During the trial, County Court admitted in evidence certain portions of the victim's recorded 911 call pursuant to the excited utterance and prompt outcry exceptions to the hearsay rule. Defendant's contention that the court erred in admitting this recording and that he was thereby deprived of a fair trial is not preserved for our review (see CPL 470.05[2] ; People v. Gray, 86 N.Y.2d 10, 19, 629 N.Y.S.2d 173, 652 N.E.2d 919 ), and we decline to exercise our power to review that contention as a matter of discretion in the interest of justice (see CPL 470.15[6][a] ).
Defendant further contends that the court erred in permitting the physician who examined the victim to testify that the victim reported being hit by defendant. Defendant failed to preserve that contention for our review inasmuch as defense counsel made only an “unspecified objection to the disputed testimony followed by an off-the-record side-bar” (People v. Nurse, 176 A.D.2d 197, 198, 574 N.Y.S.2d 319, lv. denied 79 N.Y.2d 830, 580 N.Y.S.2d 210, 588 N.E.2d 108 ). In any event, we conclude that any error in the admission of the testimony was harmless because the evidence of defendant's guilt is overwhelming, and there is no significant probability that the jury would have acquitted defendant if the testimony had been excluded (see generally People v. Crimmins, 36 N.Y.2d 230, 241–242, 367 N.Y.S.2d 213, 326 N.E.2d 787 ; People v. Thomas, 282 A.D.2d 827, 828–829, 725 N.Y.S.2d 102, lv. denied 96 N.Y.2d 925, 732 N.Y.S.2d 642, 758 N.E.2d 668 ).
The general motion made by defendant for a trial order of dismissal did not preserve for our review his contention with respect to counts one and two of the indictment that the evidence is insufficient to show that the victim sustained a physical injury (see Penal Law §§ 10.00[9] ; 120.05[2]; 120.00 [1]; People v. Chiddick, 8 N.Y.3d 445, 447–448, 834 N.Y.S.2d 710, 866 N.E.2d 1039 ; Gray, 86 N.Y.2d at 19, 629 N.Y.S.2d 173, 652 N.E.2d 919 ). In any event, viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the People (see People v. Contes, 60 N.Y.2d 620, 621, 467 N.Y.S.2d 349, 454 N.E.2d 932 ), we conclude that there is a valid line of reasoning and permissible inferences to support the jury's finding that the victim sustained a physical injury (see § 10.00[9] ; Chiddick, 8 N.Y.3d at 447–448, 834 N.Y.S.2d 710, 866 N.E.2d 1039 ; see generally People v. Bleakley, 69 N.Y.2d 490, 495, 515 N.Y.S.2d 761, 508 N.E.2d 672 ).
Finally, we reject defendant's contention that the verdict is against the weight of the evidence because of inconsistencies in the victim's testimony. The victim's testimony was not “so inconsistent or unbelievable as to render it incredible as a matter of law” (People v. Black, 38 A.D.3d 1283, 1285, 832 N.Y.S.2d 375, lv. denied 8 N.Y.3d 982, 838 N.Y.S.2d 485, 869 N.E.2d 661 ). Any inconsistencies in the victim's testimony presented issues of credibility for determination by the jury (see People v. Scheidelman, 125 A.D.3d 1426, 1426–1427, 3 N.Y.S.3d 242 ), and we see no basis for disturbing the jury's credibility determinations in this case. Viewing the evidence in light of the elements of the crimes as charged to the jury (see generally People v. Danielson, 9 N.Y.3d 342, 349, 849 N.Y.S.2d 480, 880 N.E.2d 1 ), we conclude that the verdict is not against the weight of the evidence (see Bleakley, 69 N.Y.2d at 495, 515 N.Y.S.2d 761, 508 N.E.2d 672 ).
It is hereby ORDERED that the judgment so appealed from is unanimously affirmed.