Opinion
12-23-2016
The PEOPLE of the State of New York, Respondent, v. Michael GERMAN, Defendant–Appellant.
David P. Elkovitch, Auburn, for Defendant–Appellant. Jon E. Budelmann, District Attorney, Auburn (Brian T. Leeds of Counsel), for Respondent.
David P. Elkovitch, Auburn, for Defendant–Appellant.
Jon E. Budelmann, District Attorney, Auburn (Brian T. Leeds of Counsel), for Respondent.
PRESENT: WHALEN, P.J., SMITH, PERADOTTO, NEMOYER, AND SCUDDER, JJ.
MEMORANDUM: Defendant appeals from a judgment convicting him, upon a jury verdict, of two counts of assault in the second degree (Penal Law § 120.05 [3 ] ). We conclude that the evidence, viewed in the light most favorable to the People, is legally sufficient to support the conviction. We note that a " peace officer" is defined to include a "correction officer[ ] of any state correctional facility" (CPL 2.10[25] ; see Penal Law § 120.05[3] ). We further conclude that the evidence demonstrates that the victims each sustained a "physical injury," defined as "impairment of physical condition or substantial pain" (Penal Law § 10.00[9] ; see § 120.05[3] ; see also People v. Chiddick, 8 N.Y.3d 445, 447–448, 834 N.Y.S.2d 710, 866 N.E.2d 1039 ). Moreover, viewing the evidence in light of the elements of the crime as charged to the jury (see People v. Danielson, 9 N.Y.3d 342, 349, 849 N.Y.S.2d 480, 880 N.E.2d 1 ), we conclude that the verdict is not against the weight of the evidence (see generally People v. Bleakley, 69 N.Y.2d 490, 495, 515 N.Y.S.2d 761, 508 N.E.2d 672 ).
Defendant failed to preserve for our review his contention that he was deprived of due process as a result of being shackled within the view of the jurors beginning on the second day of trial (see People v. Goossens, 92 A.D.3d 1281, 1282, 938 N.Y.S.2d 485, lv. denied 19 N.Y.3d 960, 950 N.Y.S.2d 112, 973 N.E.2d 210 ). Defendant likewise has failed to preserve for our review his contention that County Court erred in failing to give a curative instruction regarding defendant's wearing of shackles (see CPL 470.05[2] ; People v. Harris, 303 A.D.2d 1026, 1026–1027, 756 N.Y.S.2d 813, lv. denied 100 N.Y.2d 594, 766 N.Y.S.2d 170, 798 N.E.2d 354 ). We decline to exercise our power to review those contentions as a matter of our discretion in the interest of justice (see CPL 470.15[6][a] ).
Finally, defendant's contention that he was wrongfully excluded from a material stage of trial, i.e., sidebar conferences among the court and the attorneys at which defendant's presence might have had a substantial effect on his ability to defend against the charges (see People v. Sloan, 79 N.Y.2d 386, 392–393, 583 N.Y.S.2d 176, 592 N.E.2d 784 ), "is not reviewable because he failed to provide ‘an adequate record for appellate review’ " (People v. Lockett, 1 A.D.3d 932, 932, 767 N.Y.S.2d 750, lv. denied 1 N.Y.3d 630, 777 N.Y.S.2d 29, 808 N.E.2d 1288, quoting People v. Velasquez, 1 N.Y.3d 44, 48, 769 N.Y.S.2d 156, 801 N.E.2d 376 ; see People v. Camacho, 90 N.Y.2d 558, 560, 664 N.Y.S.2d 578, 687 N.E.2d 396 ).
It is hereby ORDERED that the judgment so appealed from is unanimously affirmed.