Opinion
105194
07-09-2015
The PEOPLE of the State of New York, Respondent, v. Mahlon DENEGAR, Appellant.
Tara Brower Wells, Latham, for appellant, and appellant pro se. Robert M. Carney, District Attorney, Schenectady (Peter H. Willis of counsel), for respondent.
Tara Brower Wells, Latham, for appellant, and appellant pro se.
Robert M. Carney, District Attorney, Schenectady (Peter H. Willis of counsel), for respondent.
Before: GARRY, J.P., EGAN JR., ROSE and LYNCH, JJ.
Opinion
GARRY, J.P.Appeal from a judgment of the County Court of Schenectady County (Giardino, J.), rendered June 22, 2012, convicting defendant upon his plea of guilty of the crimes of vehicular assault in the first degree and aggravated driving while intoxicated.
Defendant was indicted on various charges stemming from a motor vehicle accident that occurred in November 2010 within Schenectady County. The accident caused injury to a passenger who was under 15 years of age, and defendant was operating his vehicle while impaired by the use of alcohol and marihuana. In satisfaction of all the resulting charges against him, defendant pleaded guilty to vehicular assault in the first degree and aggravated driving while intoxicated. The plea agreement included an aggregate prison sentence of 2 to 4 years. After several adjournments, sentencing was scheduled for May 25, 2012. The court was unavailable on that date and so adjourned the matter to June 8, 2012. Defendant failed to appear on that date and on several dates thereafter. County Court sentenced defendant, in absentia, to an enhanced sentence of 3 1/2 to 7 years in prison for his conviction of vehicular assault in the first degree and a concurrent term of 1 1/2 to 4 years in prison for his conviction of aggravated driving while intoxicated. Defendant appeals.
Defendant contends that County Court erred in imposing an enhanced sentence due to his failure to appear at sentencing. Although he failed to preserve this challenge by objection or an appropriate motion (see People v. Botte, 120 A.D.3d 1488, 1489, 992 N.Y.S.2d 445 [2014], lv. denied 24 N.Y.3d 1118, 3 N.Y.S.3d 759, 27 N.E.3d 473 [2015] ), we choose to exercise our interest of justice jurisdiction to take corrective action (see People v. Donnelly, 80 A.D.3d 797, 798, 914 N.Y.S.2d 385 [2011] ).
“A sentencing court may not impose an enhanced sentence unless it has informed the defendant of specific conditions that the defendant must abide by or risk such enhancement, or give the defendant an opportunity to withdraw his or her plea before the enhanced sentence is imposed” (People v. Tole, 119 A.D.3d 982, 984, 989 N.Y.S.2d 185 [2014] [citations omitted]; see People v. Parker, 57 N.Y.2d 136, 141, 454 N.Y.S.2d 967, 440 N.E.2d 1313 [1982] ). The People contend that a written admonishment executed by defendant at his arraignment nearly nine months earlier was sufficient to apprise defendant of the consequences for failing to appear at each scheduled proceeding. However, “[w]hile written statements or affidavits may serve as a helpful supplement to a colloquy with the court concerning a plea or the waiver of certain rights, these writings cannot be substituted for on-the-record discussions between the defendant and the court” (People v. McDermott, 68 A.D.3d 1453, 1454, 891 N.Y.S.2d 515 [2009] ). Here, although defendant executed a written admonishment at the time of arraignment, the record reveals that County Court failed to ensure that, at the time of his plea, “defendant was fully aware of the adverse consequences that might flow from his” failure to appear at sentencing (id.; see People v. Lewis, 98 A.D.3d 1186, 1186–1187, 951 N.Y.S.2d 594 [2012] ; People v. Lindsey, 80 A.D.3d 1005, 1006, 914 N.Y.S.2d 782 [2011] ).
Notably, the record further reveals that defendant had appeared at each of the multiple court dates prior to the proceedings scheduled to occur in June 2012. County Court later remarked that the first missed date might possibly have been caused in part by an adjournment based upon rescheduling. Apparently defendant's counsel did not provide any written notice of any of the scheduled court dates; although counsel was not required to do so, this failure may have contributed to defendant's alleged confusion or his lack of timely knowledge of the appearance dates. As defendant argues, it does not appear that he either fled or absconded; when a warrant was ultimately issued, he was readily found at his residence. Finally, the record reveals that he has a limited criminal history. Considering the foregoing, together with the failure to provide an adequate Parker warning, we find that remittal is necessary so that the court may impose the agreed-upon sentence or permit defendant an opportunity to withdraw his plea (see People v. Tole, 119 A.D.3d at 984, 989 N.Y.S.2d 185 ; People v. McDermott, 68 A.D.3d at 1454, 891 N.Y.S.2d 515 ; People v. Armstead, 52 A.D.3d 966, 968, 859 N.Y.S.2d 506 [2008] ).
Defendant also submitted phone records with his pro se brief, arguing that these demonstrate that his counsel failed to contact him and advise him of scheduled court dates. However, as these documents are not part of the record, they were not considered upon the appeal (see
ORDERED that the judgment is modified, as a matter of discretion in the interest of justice, by vacating the sentence imposed; matter remitted to the County Court of Schenectady County for further proceedings not inconsistent with this Court's decision; and, as so modified, affirmed.
EGAN JR., ROSE and LYNCH, JJ., concur.
People v. Harden, 6 A.D.3d 181, 182, 778 N.Y.S.2d 7 [2004], lv. denied 3 N.Y.3d 641, 782 N.Y.S.2d 412, 816 N.E.2d 202 [2004] ).