Opinion
1038 KA 14-02227.
09-29-2017
The PEOPLE of the State of New York, Respondent, v. Craig DAVIS, Defendant–Appellant.
Frank H. Hiscock Legal Aid Society, Syracuse (John J. Gilsenan, of the Pennsylvania and Michigan Bars, Admitted Pro Hac Vice, of Counsel), for Defendant–Appellant. William J. Fitzpatrick, District Attorney, Syracuse (James P. Maxwell of Counsel), for Respondent.
Frank H. Hiscock Legal Aid Society, Syracuse (John J. Gilsenan, of the Pennsylvania and Michigan Bars, Admitted Pro Hac Vice, of Counsel), for Defendant–Appellant.
William J. Fitzpatrick, District Attorney, Syracuse (James P. Maxwell of Counsel), for Respondent.
PRESENT: WHALEN, P.J., CENTRA, DeJOSEPH, NEMOYER, AND WINSLOW, JJ.
MEMORANDUM:
Defendant appeals from a judgment convicting him, upon a jury verdict, of two counts each of rape in the second degree ( Penal Law § 130.30[1] ), criminal sexual act in the second degree (§ 130.45[1] ), and sexual abuse in the third degree (§ 130.55), and one count of endangering the welfare of a child (§ 260.10[1] ). We agree with defendant that he met his initial burden on his Batson application by demonstrating that the prosecution exercised a peremptory challenge to remove a member of a cognizable racial group from the venire, "and that there exist facts and other relevant circumstances sufficient to raise an inference that the prosecution used its peremptory challenge[ ] to exclude [that] potential juror[ ] because of [her] race" ( People v. Childress, 81 N.Y.2d 263, 266, 598 N.Y.S.2d 146, 614 N.E.2d 709 ; see People v. James, 99 N.Y.2d 264, 270, 755 N.Y.S.2d 43, 784 N.E.2d 1152 ; see generally Batson v. Kentucky, 476 U.S. 79, 96, 106 S.Ct. 1712, 90 L.Ed.2d 69 ). We note that "the first-step burden in a Batson challenge is not intended to be onerous" ( People v. Hecker, 15 N.Y.3d 625, 651, 917 N.Y.S.2d 39, 942 N.E.2d 248, cert. denied 563 U.S. 947, 131 S.Ct. 2117, 179 L.Ed.2d 911 ; see Johnson v. California, 545 U.S. 162, 170, 125 S.Ct. 2410, 162 L.Ed.2d 129 ), and that the initial burden is met when " ‘the totality of the relevant facts gives rise to an inference of discriminatory purpose’ " ( Hecker, 15 N.Y.3d at 651, 917 N.Y.S.2d 39, 942 N.E.2d 248, quoting Batson, 476 U.S. at 94, 106 S.Ct. 1712 ; see People v. Jones, 63 A.D.3d 758, 758, 880 N.Y.S.2d 340 ). Here, defendant is African–American, and the first prospective juror to be peremptorily challenged by the People was the only African–American on the panel. Neither the People nor defendant asked any questions of the prospective juror at issue during voir dire, and County Court's general questioning of the panel raised no issues that would distinguish her from the other prospective jurors. Inasmuch as there is a basis in the record to infer that the People exercised the peremptory challenge in a discriminatory manner, the burden shifted to the People to articulate a nondiscriminatory reason for striking the juror, and the court then should have determined whether the proffered reason was pretextual (see James, 99 N.Y.2d at 271, 755 N.Y.S.2d 43, 784 N.E.2d 1152 ). We therefore hold the case, reserve decision, and remit the matter to County Court for that purpose (see People v. Bolling, 79 N.Y.2d 317, 325, 582 N.Y.S.2d 950, 591 N.E.2d 1136 ; People v. Jenkins, 75 N.Y.2d 550, 559–560, 555 N.Y.S.2d 10, 554 N.E.2d 47 ; Jones, 63 A.D.3d at 758, 880 N.Y.S.2d 340 ).
It is hereby ORDERED that the case is held, the decision is reserved and the matter is remitted to Onondaga County Court for further proceedings.