Opinion
April 18, 1988
Appeal from the Supreme Court, Queens County (Appelman, J.).
Ordered that the judgment is affirmed.
Initially, we hold that the complainant's lineup and in-court identifications were not the product of an unduly suggestive photographic identification. Before the complainant viewed the photographic array a detective told her that one of the photographs was of the suspect. However, it is well settled that this does not, by itself, taint the identification (see, People v. Logan, 25 N.Y.2d 184, cert denied 396 U.S. 1020, rearg dismissed 27 N.Y.2d 733). Thus, the photographic identification was not unduly suggestive and the subsequent lineup and in-court identifications made by the complainant were not tainted.
We also reject the defendant's argument that his right to counsel was violated because he was not represented at the lineup. The lineup was held prior to the commencement of formal proceedings and, therefore, the defendant did not have the right to counsel at the lineup (see, People v. Hawkins, 55 N.Y.2d 474, cert denied 459 U.S. 846).
The court did not err by allowing certain witnesses to testify that, after the crime, they observed the defendant driving the vehicle in which the sodomy occurred. Such testimony was relevant to demonstrate that the defendant had access to the car (see, Richardson, Evidence § 4 [Prince 10th ed]). Furthermore, as these observations were not the product of a police-initiated procedure, the defendant's argument that they were subject to suppression pursuant to United States v. Wade ( 388 U.S. 218) and CPL 710.30 must be rejected (see, People v. Gissendanner, 48 N.Y.2d 543).
Although one of the prosecutor's remarks in his summation could only have served to inflame the jury, in light of the overwhelming evidence of the defendant's guilt we conclude that the defendant was not deprived of a fair trial (see, People v Wood, 66 N.Y.2d 374).
The trial court properly denied the defendant's request for a missing witness charge for two witnesses. One witness was in the hospital and thus not available (see, People v. Gonzalez, 68 N.Y.2d 424). Further, the defendant failed to demonstrate that either witness would have provided noncumulative testimony about a material issue (see, People v. Gonzalez, supra). Therefore, the court's refusal to so charge was proper.
The sentence imposed was not excessive (see, People v. Suitte, 90 A.D.2d 80).
We have considered the defendant's other contentions and find that they are either unpreserved for appellate review or without merit. Lawrence, J.P., Kunzeman, Kooper and Balletta, JJ., concur.