Opinion
784 CAF 21-01374
12-23-2022
In the Matter of Pamela S. NOWLAN and Brian L. Nowlan, Petitioners-Respondents, v. Brittany M. CUNNINGHAM and James C. Pierce, Respondents-Appellants. Brittany M. Cunningham, Petitioner-Appellant, v. Pamela S. Nowlan and Brian L. Nowlan, Respondents-Respondents.
MARK A. SCHLECHTER, ITHACA, FOR RESPONDENT-PETITIONER-APPELLANT AND RESPONDENT-APPELLANT. GARY MULDOON, ROCHESTER, ATTORNEY FOR THE CHILD.
MARK A. SCHLECHTER, ITHACA, FOR RESPONDENT-PETITIONER-APPELLANT AND RESPONDENT-APPELLANT.
GARY MULDOON, ROCHESTER, ATTORNEY FOR THE CHILD.
PRESENT: LINDLEY, J.P., NEMOYER, WINSLOW, BANNISTER, AND MONTOUR, JJ.
MEMORANDUM AND ORDER It is hereby ORDERED that the order so appealed from is unanimously affirmed without costs.
Memorandum: In this proceeding pursuant to article 6 of the Family Court Act, respondent-petitioner mother and respondent father (parents) each appeal from an order that, inter alia, modified a prior order of visitation by increasing the visitation allowed to petitioners-respondents, the paternal grandparents of the subject child (grandparents). We affirm.
The parents contend that the grandparents failed to establish a change of circumstances warranting an inquiry into the best interests of the child. Initially, we note that the mother waived that contention inasmuch as she alleged in her own cross petition that there had been such a change in circumstances (see Matter of Rice v. Wightman , 167 A.D.3d 1529, 1530, 90 N.Y.S.3d 774 [4th Dept. 2018], lv denied 33 N.Y.3d 903, 2019 WL 1997567 [2019] ; Matter of Biernbaum v. Burdick , 162 A.D.3d 1664, 1665, 80 N.Y.S.3d 761 [4th Dept. 2018] ; see generally Matter of Tinucci v. Voltra , 158 A.D.3d 1075, 1076, 69 N.Y.S.3d 909 [4th Dept. 2018] ). In any event, we conclude that "the continued deterioration of the parties’ relationship is a significant change in circumstances warranting an inquiry into whether a modification of visitation is in the child's best interests" ( Matter of Vaccaro v. Vaccaro , 178 A.D.3d 1410, 1411, 112 N.Y.S.3d 662 [4th Dept. 2019] [internal quotation marks omitted]; see Matter of Noble v. Gigon , 165 A.D.3d 1640, 1640, 82 N.Y.S.3d 923 [4th Dept. 2018], lv denied 33 N.Y.3d 902, 2019 WL 1941819 [2019] ).
The parents contend that there is not a sound and substantial basis in the record to support Family Court's determination that modification of the parties’ visitation arrangement was in the child's best interests (see generally Tinucci , 158 A.D.3d at 1076, 69 N.Y.S.3d 909 ). We reject that contention. Although the court did not specify the factors it relied on in conducting its best interests analysis (see Matter of Howell v. Lovell , 103 A.D.3d 1229, 1231, 960 N.Y.S.2d 278 [4th Dept. 2013] ), "[o]ur authority in determinations of custody [and visitation] is as broad as that of Family Court ... and where, as here, the record is sufficient for this Court to make a best interests determination ..., we will do so in the interests of judicial economy and the well-being of the child" ( Matter of Bryan K.B. v. Destiny S.B. , 43 A.D.3d 1448, 1450, 844 N.Y.S.2d 535 [4th Dept. 2007] ; see Howell , 103 A.D.3d at 1231, 960 N.Y.S.2d 278 ). Among the factors for the court to consider are "whether the alleged change implicates the ‘fitness’ of one of the parties ..., the nature and quality of the relationships between the child and the parties ... and the existence of a prior agreement" ( Matter of Wilson v. McGlinchey , 2 N.Y.3d 375, 381, 779 N.Y.S.2d 159, 811 N.E.2d 526 [2004] ).
Here, after reviewing the appropriate factors, we conclude that the totality of the circumstances supports the determination that it is in the best interests of the child to increase the grandparents’ visitation (see id. ). Among other things, and despite some animosity between the parties, the record supports the determination that the grandparents have had a loving and close relationship with the child since her birth (see generally Matter of Danial R.B. v. Ledyard M. , 35 A.D.3d 1232, 1232-1233, 827 N.Y.S.2d 799 [4th Dept. 2006] ).
We have considered the parents’ remaining contentions and conclude that none warrants modification or reversal of the order.