Opinion
September 29, 2000.
October 2, 2000.
Appeal from Order of Supreme Court, Oneida County, Murad, J. — Summary Judgment.
PRESENT: PIGOTT, JR., P. J., PINE, HURLBUTT, SCUDDER AND KEHOE, JJ.
Order unanimously reversed on the law without costs, motion granted and complaint dismissed.
Memorandum:
Plaintiff commenced this negligence action to recover damages for injuries she sustained when she dove into Fourth Lake from the end of a dock located on property owned by defendant. Defendant moved for summary judgment dismissing the complaint on the ground that plaintiff's reckless conduct was an unforeseeable superseding event and thus the sole legal cause of plaintiff's injuries. Supreme Court denied the motion, finding an issue of fact whether plaintiff's conduct was reckless. That was error. Plaintiff, who was then 18 years old and had taken swimming and diving lessons, was a first time guest at defendant's lakefront property. At about 10:00 p.m., after drinking some beer, plaintiff dove from the end of defendant's dock into shallow water and struck her head on the lake bottom. Although earlier that day she had observed two friends near the dock in water below their waists, when she dove into the lake she admittedly could not see even the surface of the water and had "no idea" of its depth. Thus, "it was plaintiff's own reckless dive headfirst into an area of water which [s]he could only assume was of sufficient depth that constituted an unforeseeable superseding event relieving defendant of liability" ( Lionarons v. General Elec. Co., 215 A.D.2d 851, 852-853, affd 86 N.Y.2d 832 for reasons stated below; see, Valle v. City of New York, 247 A.D.2d 534, lv denied 92 N.Y.2d 809; Butler v. Marshall, 243 A.D.2d 971, 972-973; cf., Denkensohn v. Davenport, 75 N.Y.2d 25, 37; Taylor v. Village of Ilion, 265 A.D.2d 841, 842).