Opinion
29233, 29234.
SUBMITTED OCTOBER 15, 1974.
DECIDED NOVEMBER 18, 1974.
Probate of will. Chatham Superior Court. Before Judge Cheatham.
Joseph B. Bergen, for appellants.
David H. Fritts, for appellee.
Betty Holland, appellee here, filed the will of her husband, Dennis Holland, for probate in the Chatham County Court of Ordinary. The daughters of the testator contested the probate of the will claiming undue influence, intoxication at the time of execution, revocation and forgery. After a lengthy hearing the court of ordinary found for the propounder and a de novo appeal was taken to the Chatham Superior Court. After a four day trial a jury found in favor of the will. From the denial of a motion for new trial, the caveatrices appeal and the propounder cross appeals.
1. Appellants' first enumeration of error concerns the charge given by the judge dealing with intoxication. After charging on the effect of chronic alcoholism, the trial judge stated to the jury that "If you find that at the time he executed the will his intelligence, memory, or judgment was not so impaired and that he did comprehend the nature and condition of his property, the natural object of his bounty, and the scope and meaning of the provisions of the will, then the will is valid and you should so find." The appellant contends that in terms of the caveat taken as a whole this charge is incomplete and misleading in that it makes no mention of the caveatrices' other contentions and therefore would confuse the jury. It appears from the record that a full and complete charge was given on all of the contentions made by the caveat and this portion of the charge when viewed in connection with the entire charge was not confusing or misleading to the jury. Dickerson v. Harvey, 221 Ga. 606 ( 146 S.E.2d 310); Domingo v. State, 212 Ga. 342 ( 92 S.E.2d 520); Smith v. Davis, 203 Ga. 175 ( 45 S.E.2d 609).
2. Appellants' next contention is that the verdict was brought about by a form of judicial coercion and is therefore void. The facts concerning this contention are as follows: On Friday, December 14, at approximately 5:45 the jury, after some 2 1/2 hours deliberation, informed the court that they were unable to reach a verdict. The following colloquy then ensued: "The Court: You all have had a long week, and I know you're tired, and I don't want to keep you here any longer. What I'm going to do, after a whole week's trial, I would rather not declare a mistrial without giving you any more time to deliberate, but what I'd like to do is to excuse you for the week-end and let you all come back Monday morning and see whether or not you can come to a conclusion and then let me know. The Foreman: May we regroup one more time before you agree to that? The Court: Yes."
This possibility had been previously discussed and approved by counsel for both parties. Although it is not reflected in the transcript, the judge then informed the jurors that since the surrounding parking garages closed at 6:00 o'clock anyone parked in these facilities should make arrangements with the deputy sheriff to get their cars out. After about ten minutes of further deliberation the jury came back and announced its verdict in favor of the will.
Keeping a jury confined for a reasonable time, sending a jury back for more deliberations, and advising them on the desirability of reaching a verdict with well guarded language will not amount to reversible abuse and coercion. In Georgia a trial judge is given considerable latitude as to such matters. Jones v. State, 117 Ga. 710 ( 44 S.E. 877); Cato v. State, 183 Ga. 277 ( 188 S.E. 337); Brown v. State, 36 Ga. App. 83 ( 135 S.E. 513). The continued deliberation here was at the request of the jury and not under the compulsion of the judge, who had indicated that he would disperse them for the weekend. After a complete review of the facts surrounding the incident we have come to the conclusion that what transpired here does not reach the level of undue intimidation or coercion on the part of the trial court.
3. Having decided this case on the merits in favor of the appellee we do not rule on the cross appeal.
Judgment affirmed on main appeal; cross appeal dismissed. All the Justices concur.