Opinion
68972.
DECIDED JANUARY 29, 1985.
Drug violation. Habersham Superior Court. Before Judge Gunter.
Dan T. Pressley, Sr., for appellant.
V. D. Stockton, District Attorney, for appellee.
Appellant was tried before a jury and convicted of selling marijuana in violation of the Georgia Controlled Substances Act. He appeals.
1. Appellant enumerates as error the trial court's failure to give a requested charge with reference to the principle that the testimony of an unimpeached witness, where there is no other testimony or evidence in conflict, cannot arbitrarily be disregarded. The requested charge has been held to state a sound principle of law. See Matthews v. Blanos, 201 Ga. 549, 567 ( 40 S.E.2d 715) (1946). However, it was not authorized by the evidence in the instant case because the testimony of appellant and his witnesses that it was not appellant but another individual who sold marijuana to an undercover police agent was in conflict with other evidence to the contrary. Also, the charge was not authorized by the uncontradicted evidence of appellant's good character, as the principle of law embodied by the charge is not applicable to opinion testimony. See Chancellor v. State, 165 Ga. App. 365, 368 (12) ( 301 S.E.2d 294) (1983); Thompson v. City of Atlanta, 66 Ga. App. 255, 257 ( 17 S.E.2d 761) (1941).
2. Appellant asserts that the trial court erred by charging the jury on the law of conspiracy. There was evidence of concert of action between appellant and another individual named John which authorized the giving of the charge. "It is not necessary that another person be indicted with the defendant for conspiracy [cit.], or that the defendant be charged with conspiracy [cit.] to justify a charge on conspiracy. Neither is it necessary to show a preliminary antecedent agreement [cit.], for conspiracy may be shown by circumstantial evidence [cit.] such as conduct which evidences a common design of the participants. [Cit.] Conspiracy is a question for the jury and we have concluded that the evidence of record was sufficient to authorize the charge. [Cit.]" Simpkins v. State, 149 Ga. App. 763, 768 (3) ( 256 S.E.2d 63) (1979). Compare Brewer v. State, 129 Ga. App. 118, 122 (5) ( 199 S.E.2d 109) (1973).
3. Appellant lastly enumerates as error the denial of his motion for mistrial. It is undisputed that the results of a polygraph examination of appellant were inconclusive. However, during voir dire of the jury, the Assistant District Attorney indicated that there would be evidence presented at trial of the polygraph examination. Appellant moved for a mistrial, and the trial court ruled that the results of the polygraph would be inadmissible and gave curative instructions, but denied the motion for mistrial.
"The time for making a motion for mistrial is not ripe until the case has begun, and the trial does not begin until the jury has been impaneled and sworn . . . . A motion for a postponement of the case until new jurors who had not heard the question asked were selected would have been the proper motion here. [Cit.] Since the motion for mistrial was made before the jury was impaneled and sworn, the trial court did not err in overruling it." Ferguson v. State, 219 Ga. 33, 35 ( 131 S.E.2d 538) (1963).
Judgment affirmed. Birdsong, P. J., and Beasley, J., concur.