Summary
affirming summary judgment to store on shopper's negligence claim where shoplifter had "voluntarily accompanied" store employees to office before fleeing, "suddenly and without warning"
Summary of this case from Wal-Mart Stores E. v. AnkromOpinion
A97A0500.
DECIDED FEBRUARY 21, 1997 — CERT. APPLIED FOR.
Negligence. Fulton State Court. Before Judge Thompson.
Ben B. Mills, Jr., pro se.
Harman, Owen, Saunders Sweeney, David C. Will, Lawson, Davis Pickren, Paul R. Jordan, for appellee.
Gudrun H. Mills and her husband, Ben B. Mills, Jr., sued Jack Eckerd Corporation ("Eckerd") the owner of a store where Gudren Mills was allegedly injured when a suspected shoplifter collided with her as he was attempting to flee Eckerd's store. The Mills appeal the summary judgment granted to Eckerd.
The Mills sued Eckerd and Jeremiah Revitch, the teenager who allegedly collided with Gudrun Mills. The case against Revitch remains pending and Revitch is not a party to this appeal.
Construed in the light most favorable to the Mills, the non-movants, the evidence shows that while Gudrun Mills was shopping, Eckerd security personnel were attempting to interview Jeremiah Revitch about possible shoplifting activity. Revitch had voluntarily accompanied loss prevention personnel to an upstairs office at Eckerd's Lenox Square Mall ("Lenox") store. After either mall security or the Atlanta Police were contacted, suddenly and without warning, Revitch decided to flee. In order to escape, Revitch had to jump on a chair then leap over a four foot wall directly onto the stairs. After Revitch bolted from the office and was running toward an exit, he allegedly slammed into Mills, knocking her down. Richard Cotton, Jr., the Lenox store manager, testified that in his approximately 24 years of service at various Eckerd store locations he had never before experienced a situation where a shoplifter attempted to escape after being apprehended. Cotton testified that in the infrequent situation where a suspected shoplifter is uncooperative, Eckerd's policy is to not intervene but to contact mall security or police. Held:
In two enumerations of error, the Mills contend that the trial court erroneously granted summary judgment because Gudrun Mills was the foreseeable victim of a desperate shoplifter. A property owner cannot be held liable for the negligence of another unless the facts show, inter alia, that the property owner should have foreseen and guarded the plaintiff against that negligence. Eckerd-Walton, Inc. v. Adams, 126 Ga. App. 210, 212-213 (2) ( 190 S.E.2d 490) (1972). The exercise of ordinary care does not impose a duty to anticipate unlikely, remote, or slightly possible events. Id. Compare Matt v. Days Inns of America, 212 Ga. App. 792, 794 ( 443 S.E.2d 290) (1994) (defendant's knowledge of prior substantially similar incidents forecloses summary judgment.) Although the Mills assert that it was foreseeable that an eluding shoplifter might collide with an innocent patron, they failed to offer any evidence that Eckerd's Lenox store had any prior incidents involving customers being injured by fleeing suspected shoplifters who initially voluntarily cooperated with security personnel. See Henderson v. Kroger Co., 217 Ga. App. 252, 253 ( 456 S.E.2d 752) (1995).
Notwithstanding the Mills' claim to the contrary, whether store employee(s) attempted to apprehend Revitch is immaterial because the Mills failed to present any evidence of any prior incidents in which a patron sustained injuries inflicted by a fleeing thief. Inasmuch as it was not reasonably foreseeable that Revitch would unintentionally rush into Gudrun Mills, Eckerd was not negligent in failing to prevent the collision. Id. at 253. Finally, even assuming that the Mills could show Eckerd was negligent in failing to prevent Revitch's flight from its store, the proximate cause of Gudrun Mills' injuries would have been Revitch's intervening act. See Cameron v. Moore, 199 Ga. App. 800, 801 (2) ( 406 S.E.2d 133) (1991); Whitt v. Walker County, 176 Ga. App. 643, 645-646 ( 337 S.E.2d 425) (1985).
Judgment affirmed. Ruffin and Eldridge, JJ., concur.