Opinion
1364 CA 15-00057.
02-05-2016
Maurice McMILLIAN and Teartha McMillian, Plaintiffs–Respondents, v. Mimeux M. BURDEN, Defendant–Respondent, James E. Grant, Defendant–Appellant, and Blondell Burden, Defendant. Mimeux M. Burden, Plaintiff–Respondent, v. James E. Grant, Defendant–Appellant.
Hagelin Kent LLC, Buffalo (Sean M. Spencer of Counsel), for Defendant–Appellant. Paul J. Vacca, Jr., Rochester, for Plaintiffs–Respondents Maurice McMillian and Teartha McMillian. Elliott Stern Calabrese, LLP, Rochester (David S. Stern of Counsel), for Defendant–Respondent and Plaintiff–Respondent Mimeux M. Burden.
Hagelin Kent LLC, Buffalo (Sean M. Spencer of Counsel), for Defendant–Appellant.
Paul J. Vacca, Jr., Rochester, for Plaintiffs–Respondents Maurice McMillian and Teartha McMillian.
Elliott Stern Calabrese, LLP, Rochester (David S. Stern of Counsel), for Defendant–Respondent and Plaintiff–Respondent Mimeux M. Burden.
Opinion
MEMORANDUM:
Plaintiffs Maurice McMillian and Teartha McMillian commenced this action asserting direct and derivative causes of action based on injuries sustained by Maurice while he was a passenger in a vehicle being operated by Mimeux M. Burden, a defendant in the action commenced by Maurice and Teartha, and the plaintiff in a separate action against James E. Grant (defendant), who was driving the vehicle that rear-ended the vehicle operated by Mimeux. The two actions were joined for trial, and the jury found that neither Maurice nor Mimeux had sustained a serious injury pursuant to Insurance Law § 5102(d). Supreme Court granted plaintiffs' motions to set aside the verdict as against the weight of the evidence and determined as a matter of law that both Maurice and Mimeux had sustained a serious injury. We reverse and reinstate the verdict.
As a preliminary matter, we note our difficulty in reviewing this case inasmuch as the court failed to set forth its reasoning for setting aside the verdict and determining, as a matter of law, that both Maurice and Mimeux sustained a serious injury. The court essentially disregarded the deference owed to a jury verdict (see generally McClain v. Lockport Mem. Hosp., 236 A.D.2d 864, 865, 653 N.Y.S.2d 774, lv. denied 89 N.Y.2d 817, 659 N.Y.S.2d 857, 681 N.E.2d 1304), and made a determination of serious injury as a matter of law, and yet it failed to specify what category or categories of serious injury Maurice and Mimeux sustained.
It is well established that “ ‘[a] verdict rendered in favor of a defendant may be successfully challenged as against the weight of the evidence only when the evidence so preponderated in favor of the plaintiff that it could not have been reached on any fair interpretation of the evidence’ ” (Sauter v. Calabretta, 103 A.D.3d 1220, 1220, 959 N.Y.S.2d 579). “Although [t]hat determination is addressed to the sound discretion of the trial court, ... if the verdict is one that reasonable persons could have rendered after receiving conflicting evidence, the court should not substitute its judgment for that of the jury” (id. [internal quotation marks omitted] ). Furthermore, “it is within the province of the jury to determine issues of credibility, and great deference is accorded to the jury given its opportunity to see and hear the witnesses” (id. [internal quotation marks omitted] ).
Here, we conclude that the court erred in setting aside the jury's verdict inasmuch as the jury was entitled to credit the testimony of defendant's witnesses and reject the testimony of plaintiffs' witnesses (see Guthrie v. Overmyer, 19 A.D.3d 1169, 1170, 797 N.Y.S.2d 203). Even assuming, arguendo, that plaintiffs established a prima facie case of serious injury, we nevertheless conclude that the jury was entitled to reject the opinions of plaintiffs' physicians (see Sanchez v. Dawson, 120 A.D.3d 933, 935, 991 N.Y.S.2d 494). The jury's interpretation of the evidence was not “ ‘palpably irrational’ ” (Quigley v. Sikora, 269 A.D.2d 812, 813, 704 N.Y.S.2d 413), or “ ‘palpably wrong’ ” (Mohamed v. Cellino & Barnes, 300 A.D.2d 1116, 1117, 752 N.Y.S.2d 465, lv. denied 99 N.Y.2d 510, 760 N.Y.S.2d 101, 790 N.E.2d 275), and the court therefore erred in granting plaintiffs' motions.
It is hereby ORDERED that the order so appealed from is unanimously reversed on the law without costs, the motions are denied, and the jury verdict is reinstated.