Opinion
2014-00512, Index No. 3449/12.
10-07-2015
In the Matter of Catherine McLAUGHLIN, respondent, v. Joseph N. HANKIN, etc., et al., appellants.
Robert F. Meehan, County Attorney, Westchester, N.Y. (Justin R. Adin of counsel), for appellants. Jonathon Lovett, White Plains, N.Y., for respondent.
Robert F. Meehan, County Attorney, Westchester, N.Y. (Justin R. Adin of counsel), for appellants.
Jonathon Lovett, White Plains, N.Y., for respondent.
MARK C. DILLON, J.P., THOMAS A. DICKERSON, JEFFREY A. COHEN, and COLLEEN D. DUFFY, JJ.
Opinion In a proceeding pursuant to CPLR article 78 to review a determination of Westchester Community College dated March 27, 2012, terminating the petitioner's employment as an instructor/counselor, the appeal is from a judgment of the Supreme Court, Westchester County (Neary, J.), entered October 30, 2013, which granted the petition and annulled the determination.
ORDERED that the judgment is reversed, on the law, with costs, the petition is denied, and the proceeding is dismissed on the merits.
The petitioner commenced this CPLR article 78 proceeding to review a determination of the president of Westchester Community College, Westchester Community College, and the County of Westchester (hereinafter collectively the college) to terminate her employment. In its answer, the college raised as an affirmative defense the petitioner's failure to exhaust her administrative remedies under the collective bargaining agreement (hereinafter the CBA) between the college and the Westchester Community College Federation of Teachers, American Federation of Teachers Local # 2431 (hereinafter the union). The Supreme Court granted the petition upon finding that the petitioner was prevented from availing herself of the remedial provisions of the CBA by the union's decision not to press her claim. We reverse.
Contrary to the petitioner's contention, the issue of whether the union breached its duty of fair representation is preserved for appellate review. Generally, an employee covered by a collective bargaining agreement which provides for a grievance procedure must exhaust administrative remedies prior to seeking judicial remedies (see Matter of Plummer v. Klepak, 48 N.Y.2d 486, 489–490, 423 N.Y.S.2d 866, 399 N.E.2d 897 ; Spano v. Kings Park Cent. School Dist., 61 A.D.3d 666, 670–671, 877 N.Y.S.2d 163 ; Matter of Amorosano–LePore v. Grant, 56 A.D.3d 663, 664, 869 N.Y.S.2d 110 ; Matter of Murray v. Downey, 48 A.D.3d 817, 818, 852 N.Y.S.2d 387 ; Matter of Hammond v. Village of Elmsford, 8 A.D.3d 484, 779 N.Y.S.2d 95 ). However, the failure to exhaust administrative remedies may be excused where the employee can prove that the union breached its duty of fair representation in the handling of the employee's grievance (see Buff v. Village of Manlius, 115 A.D.3d 1156, 983 N.Y.S.2d 145 ; Matter of Reese v. Board of Trustees of Mohawk Val. Community Coll., 28 A.D.3d 1240, 812 N.Y.S.2d 910 ; Jackson v. Regional Tr. Serv., 54 A.D.2d 305, 388 N.Y.S.2d 441 ). Breach of the duty of fair representation occurs only when a union's conduct toward a member of the collective bargaining unit is arbitrary, discriminatory, or in bad faith (see Matter of Civil Service Bar Assn., Local 237, Intl. Bhd. of Teamsters v. City of New York, 64 N.Y.2d 188, 196, 485 N.Y.S.2d 227, 474 N.E.2d 587 ; Hickey v. Hempstead Union Free School Dist., 36 A.D.3d 760, 761, 829 N.Y.S.2d 163 ; Matter of
Grassel v. Public Empl. Relations Bd., 301 A.D.2d 522, 523, 753 N.Y.S.2d 522 ). Here, the petitioner did not allege that the union's conduct was arbitrary, discriminatory, or made in bad faith, and the record does not support such a conclusion (see Ponticello v. County of Suffolk, 225 A.D.2d 751, 640 N.Y.S.2d 169 ; Matter of Garvin v. New York State Pub. Empl. Relations Bd., 168 A.D.2d 446, 562 N.Y.S.2d 565 ; cf. Spano v. Kings Park Cent. School Dist., 61 A.D.3d 666, 671, 877 N.Y.S.2d 163 ). Accordingly, as the petitioner failed to establish that an exception to the exhaustion doctrine was applicable, the Supreme Court should have denied the petition and dismissed the proceeding on the merits.