Opinion
October 24, 1933.
February 1, 1934.
Insurance — Life insurance — Disability benefits — Permanent disability — Evidence — Case for jury.
In an action of assumpsit on a policy of life insurance, it appeared that the policy issued by the defendant to the plaintiff contained a clause waiving payments of premiums and providing for the payment of monthly benefits to him on his furnishing proof that he had "become wholly disabled by bodily injuries or disease" and was "permanently, continuously, and wholly disabled and prevented thereby for life from engaging in any occupation or employment for wage or profit." The plaintiff's evidence established that he had sustained a severe injury to his knee and that he was disabled within the meaning of the policy. The defendant's medical experts denied that the plaintiff was wholly disabled. Furthermore the defendant offered testimony showing that the plaintiff performed light work occasionally.
In such circumstances there was sufficient evidence to sustain the finding of the jury that the plaintiff was incapacitated to such an extent as to prevent him from engaging in any occupation or employment for wage or profit and a judgment entered on a verdict will be affirmed.
The fact that a man can at irregular intervals do some light work of a limited character does not prevent recovery, for disability benefits under a policy of insurance.
Appeal No. 351, October T., 1933, by defendant from judgment of C.P., Northumberland County, May T., 1931, No. 500, in the case of John F. Kramer v. Travelers Insurance Company of Hartford, Connecticut.
Before TREXLER, P.J., KELLER, CUNNINGHAM, BALDRIGE, STADTFELD, PARKER and JAMES, JJ. Affirmed.
Assumpsit on a policy of life insurance. Before GREER, 47th Judicial District, specially presiding.
The facts are stated in the opinion of the Superior Court.
Verdict for plaintiff in the sum of $774.62 and judgment entered thereon. Defendant appealed.
Error assigned, among others, was the refusal of defendant's motion for judgment non obstante veredicto.
Herbert R. Carroll, and with him John E. Cupp and Vought Moser, for appellant, cited: Cantor v. Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, 108 Pa. Super. 1; Losnecki v. Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York, 106 Pa. Super. 259. H.F. Bonno, and with him Fred B. Moser, for appellee.
Argued October 24, 1933.
The plaintiff had a life insurance policy in the defendant company which contained a clause waiving payments of premiums and providing for the payment of monthly benefits to the insured on his furnishing due proof to the company that he had before attaining the age of sixty, "become wholly disabled by bodily injuries or disease" and was "permanently, continuously, and wholly disabled and prevented thereby for life from engaging in any occupation or employment for wage or profit."
The contract was entered into between the parties on June 11, 1920, and the plaintiff paid annually to the defendant premiums of $247.90. In February, 1927, while the contract was in full force and effect, and before the plaintiff had reached the age of sixty, he sustained a severe injury to his left knee. He underwent two major operations; one on December 2, 1928, remaining at the hospital for two and a half weeks and being confined to his bed for two more weeks at home and then walked with the aid of crutches for about three months; and the second operation on January 13, 1930, which necessitated his sojourn at the hospital for three weeks, a period in bed for four weeks, his left leg being in a cast for four and a half months, followed by the use of crutches for a month and now being able to walk with the use of a cane.
The question in the case is whether plaintiff proved by sufficient and competent testimony that he was entitled to the benefits afforded by the policy. Was he suffering from total disability as the same is defined by the contract of the parties?
The plaintiff testified in effect that he had since the month of June, 1928, been permanently, continuously and wholly prevented from engaging in occupation or employment for wage or profit.
His family physician testified, confirming the statements of the plaintiff, as to his several operations to which we have already alluded, that the condition of his knee exhibited an entire lack of motion, the joint having thereon a fibrous tissue which caused much pain upon the slightest motion, that he was also suffering from dropsy of the knee and that the other leg was affected in sympathy through the pelvic bone being thrown out of balance due to the shortening of the other leg. He expressed the opinion that the plaintiff was wholly disabled and came within the terms set out in the policy; that he might be employed at some highly specialized work that would not require his moving about, but that his injury would become progressively worse.
A doctor called by the defendant company testified after making a physical examination of the plaintiff, that he was not wholly disabled; he took no X-ray pictures, but looked at the leg, moving it one way and another and had plaintiff move about to determine whether or not it could be bent at the joint. Another doctor called by the defendant company testified that he examined the plaintiff at the latter's place of business, found a very slight movement in the left knee, made no measurements as to the shortening of the leg, his examination being short, occupying only fifteen to twenty minutes.
There was evidence offered to show that the plaintiff performed work of a casual nature on several occasions. Plaintiff's answer to this was that it was done at the physician's suggestion and that the attempts were unsuccessful because they resulted in aggravating his physical condition. Here there was contradiction in the testimony and unless plaintiff's testimony is not adequate to support a verdict, necessarily the case had to go to the jury. There was testimony to the effect that claimant performed work, that he drove his automobile and gave directions to an employe and answered telephone calls when someone told him he was wanted. He explained his driving of the car by stating that he had to do so because he could not walk. All these occasions were sporadic. There was no evidence of continuous work. Taking the entire proof submitted, the jury could find that the plaintiff in the physical condition he is in, was incapacitated to such an extent as prevented him from engaging in any occupation or employment for wage or profit.
What is meant by "totally disabled" is very fully and ably considered by our Brother KELLER in the case of Cantor v. Metropolitan L. Ins. Co., 108 Pa. Super. 1, 164 A. 145, and many cases cited. It is unnecessary to repeat what was said there, but the discussion had, applies very directly to the present case. The fact that a man can at irregular intervals do some light work of a limited character does not prevent recovery.
The judgment is affirmed.