Opinion
Case No. 2D01-21
Opinion filed December 28, 2001.
Appeal from the Circuit Court for Lee County; John S. Carlin, Judge.
J.L. "Ray" LeGrande of LeGrande LeGrande, P.A., Fort Myers, for Appellant.
Deborah Studybaker, Fort Myers, for Appellee.
R.D.B., the mother of three children, appeals the final judgment terminating her parental rights. She contends, and we agree, that the elements required for termination were not established by clear and convincing evidence as required by section 39.809(1), Florida Statutes (1999). Accordingly, we reverse the order terminating R.D.B.'s parental rights and remand for further proceedings.
The three children were removed from their parents' custody after persons living with the family were arrested on felony charges. Because of the unusual, nomadic lifestyle of the group with whom the children and their parents lived and traveled, the Department of Children and Family Services almost immediately filed a petition for termination of parental rights, relying on section 39.806(1)(c), which provides for termination
[w]hen the parent or parents engaged in conduct toward the child or toward other children that demonstrates that the continuing involvement of the parent or parents in the parent-child relationship threatens the life, safety, well-being, or physical, mental, or emotional health of the child irrespective of the provision of services.
Because the Department determined not to seek reunification of the parents and children, the petition for termination of parental rights was filed without either a separate petition for dependency or a case plan with a goal of reunification. From the earliest stage of the proceedings, the Department sought termination of parental rights.
Because no case plan or performance agreement was ever offered to the parents, the issues at the termination hearing were abuse, prospective abuse, and the manifest best interests of the children. Two months after the close of the adjudicatory hearing but prior to the order on the petition for termination, the Department moved to reopen its case in order to present evidence that the mother had been convicted as a principal in the criminal conduct carried out by members of the group and sentenced to twenty-five years in prison. The trial court granted the motion and, after presentation of the evidence of the mother's convictions, entered the order terminating the parental rights of both parents.
The termination of the father's parental rights is the subject of a separate appeal before this court, In Interest of F.M.H.B., Nos. 2D00-1942, 2D00-5158, 2D01-78 (consolidated) (Fla. 2d DCA Dec. 28, 2001).
The evidence offered at the termination hearing consisted primarily of testimony about the unusual and nomadic lifestyle of the parents and the group with whom they lived and traveled. The mother was the spiritual leader of the group and called the "Queen." The father described himself as a "street preacher." The group lived on "offerings" and "takings." Shortly before the children were removed from the parents' custody, the "takings" resulted in the criminal charges.
Additionally, there was evidence that the oldest child was having great difficulty in adjusting to foster care and school after separation from his parents. This evidence is not a basis for termination of parental rights. See In re K.C.C., 750 So.2d 38 (Fla. 2d DCA 1999) (finding that children's need for counseling due to anxiety over the separation from their parents did not support termination of parental rights). There was little or no evidence, let alone clear and convincing evidence, that the mother, or father, abused any of the children — either physically, mentally, or emotionally — unless we were to conclude the unusual lifestyle constituted abuse. We do not.
The only substantial allegations against the mother that were established by clear and convincing evidence to support the termination order were contained in the amendment related to her criminal convictions and sentences. These allegations were erroneously considered by the trial judge because of the improper amendment to the petition. There is no provision under the Florida Rules of Juvenile Procedure for such an amendment. The rules would not bar a subsequent petition based on a new ground; however, the amendment was not authorized. As in Nickerson v. Department of Children and Family Services, 718 So.2d 373 (Fla. 3d DCA 1998) (dealing with the entry of a default at a hearing other than arraignment in a dependency case), the lack of statutory or rule authority for such a procedure renders it unauthorized.
Accordingly, the trial court should not have allowed the oral amendment and reopened the hearing. It seems appropriate to require the Department to follow the statutory requirements in obtaining a termination of parental rights, especially when the termination is sought on an expedited basis with no consideration given to a performance agreement with the parents with a goal other than termination. As to the mother, the Department failed to meet its burden of establishing by clear and convincing evidence grounds to support termination of her parental rights as statutorily required. Accordingly, we reverse the order terminating the mother's parental rights and remand for further proceedings.
Reversed and remanded.
STRINGER and DAVIS, JJ., Concur.