Opinion
Docket No. 62.
Submitted July 8, 1924.
Decided October 6, 1924.
Error to Wayne; Marschner (Adolph F.), J. Submitted July 8, 1924. (Docket No. 62.) Decided October 6, 1924.
Magdalena Morris presented for probate the last will of William E. Morris, deceased. The will was allowed in the probate court, and Clara M. Ehlers and another appealed to the circuit court. Judgment for proponent non obstante veredicto. Contestants bring error. Affirmed.
Harry M. Stone ( Bigelow Rankin, of counsel), for appellants.
Barbour Martin ( Henry C.L. Forler, of counsel), for appellee.
Two children by a former wife from whom deceased was divorced contest his will which gave the bulk of his estate to the wife with whom he was living at the time the will was executed and at the time of his death. The will was executed nearly three years before his death and when he was seriously ill from pneumonia. The contest was on the grounds of mental incapacity and undue influence. At the close of the proofs proponent's counsel moved for a directed verdict. The trial judge withdrew the question of mental incapacity and submitted the question of undue influence to the jury, reserving the right to enter judgment notwithstanding the verdict under the provision of the Empson act. The jury disallowed the will and the trial judge entered judgment notwithstanding the verdict sustaining the will. Contestants review this judgment on error.
But little is said by appellants in their brief on the question of mental incapacity. But little can be said for that question on this record. Deceased was a successful business man and there is not a scintilla of testimony in any way tending to show a mental breaking down at any time in his life. One witness, a brother of deceased, testified that he called on him several times when he was ill from pneumonia and that on one of these occasions he was sleepy, drowsy and did not recognize him; the record does not disclose whether opiates were administered or not, but the undisputed testimony shows that at the time the will was executed he was alert, normal and in full possession of his mental faculties. The trial judge did not err in withdrawing this question from the jury. Pierce v. Pierce, 38 Mich. 412; In re Weber's Estate, 201 Mich. 477; In re Cochrane's Estate, 211 Mich. 370.
Appellants' contention that they made a case of undue influence is also without merit. There was testimony that deceased had stated that he intended to divide his property equally between his children and his wife and that he had stated that he had done so. But in Re Haslick's Estate, 195 Mich. 432 (Ann. Cas. 1918D, 422), this court held (quoting from the syllabus):
"Evidence that a testator had repeatedly told his neighbors how he was going to dispose of his property and a disposition of his property not in accordance with such statements is not sufficient proof of undue influence."
This holding was followed in Re Carlson's Estate, 218 Mich. 262 . The testator could not by his mere statements nullify his duly executed will. In re Kennedy's Estate, 159 Mich. 548 (28 L.R.A. [N. S.] 417, 18 Ann. Cas. 892, 134 Am. St. Rep. 743). There was some testimony of statements of testator which are claimed indicate an exercise of influence over him by his wife, but it is doubtful if these statements of his could be distorted sufficiently to make them statements that such influence was undue. But if they could such testimony could only be considered to show the state of his mind. His statements were not evidence of the facts stated by him. Zibble v. Zibble, 131 Mich. 655; In re Provin's Estate, 161 Mich. 28; In re Walter's Estate, 224 Mich. 211.
In the final analysis all that the evidence in this record establishes is that the wife had the opportunity to exercise undue influence over her husband and that the will makes an unequal distribution of his property. Time after time we have held that this was not sufficient. If it were every will contest would go to a jury and no one would be able to dispose of his own property as he saw fit unless his disposition of it also met the approval of a jury.
The judgment will be affirmed.
CLARK, C. J., and McDONALD, BIRD, SHARPE, MOORE, STEERE, and WIEST, JJ., concurred.