Opinion
Argued and Submitted May 19, 2003.
NOT FOR PUBLICATION. (See Federal Rule of Appellate Procedure Rule 36-3)
Pension plan administrator brought action seeking declaration that insurer had duty under employee benefits liability (EBL) endorsement in its commercial general liability policy to defend it in underlying action to recover pension benefits. The United States District Court for the Northern District of California, Susan Y. Illston, J., 2002 WL 356653, entered summary judgment in favor of insurer, and administrator appealed. The Court of Appeals held that administrator's denial of benefits was not negligent.
Affirmed.
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Northern District of California, Susan Y. Illston, District Judge, Presiding.
Before HAWKINS and W. FLETCHER, Circuit Judges, and KING, District Judge.
The Honorable Samuel P. King, Senior United States District Judge for the District of Hawaii, sitting by designation.
This disposition is not appropriate for publication and may not be cited to or by the courts of this circuit except as may be provided by Ninth Circuit Rule 36-3.
Group Voyagers, Inc. ("GVI") appeals the district court's grant of summary judgment in favor of Employers Insurance of Wausau ("Wausau"). We have jurisdiction
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under 28 U.S.C. § 1291. We review the district court's decision de novo, HS Services, Inc. v. Nationwide Mut. Ins. Co., 109 F.3d 642, 644 (9th Cir.1997), and we affirm.
At issue is an "employee benefits liability" ("EBL") endorsement in Wausau's commercial general liability policy. Under the EBL endorsement, Wausau defends suits for losses "as a result of any negligent act, error or omission that occurs in the 'administration' of [the insured's] 'employee benefits program.' " We agree with the district court that--given the allegations in the underlying action Scherrer v. Group Voyagers, Inc. et al., Civ. No. 99-04834SI, and the undisputed evidence of GVI's intention to deny retirement benefits to tour directors--the underlying action created no potential for coverage so as to create a duty to defend.
Ever since its pension plan was established, GVI has consistently maintained that pension benefits would only be provided to associates and not to tour directors. That is, it readily acknowledges that it has always purposefully and deliberately excluded all tour directors from eligibility for pension benefits. In that sense, GVI intended such "injury." The Scherrer complaints do not allege that GVI negligently or mistakenly misread its retirement plan. GVI's argument that its behavior was not "wilful" for purposes of Cal. Ins.Code § 533 is beside the point because the question is not whether GVI acted "wilfully"; the question is whether it acted negligently in administering the plan. There are intermediate degrees of state of mind (e.g., recklessly, knowingly, intentionally) that would not necessarily be "wilful" under section 533 ("necessarily and inherently harmful") yet still are beyond a "negligent act, error or omission" so as not to trigger a duty to defend.
Looking beyond the Scherrer allegations, even if GVI could claim potential error in drafting or interpreting plan documents, this does not transform GVI's deliberate conduct into a negligent error in the "administration" of the plan for purposes of the EBL endorsement. See Maryland Cas. Co. v. Economy Bookbinding Corp. Pension Plan & Trust, 621 F.Supp. 410, 413 (D.N.J.1985) (indicating that purpose of EBL coverage is to protect against ministerial mistakes in administering plan); Baylor Heating & Air Conditioning, Inc. v. Federated Mut. Ins. Co., 987 F.2d 415, 419 (7th Cir.1993) ("Although [the insured's counsel] may have been mistaken ... this does not convert [the insured's] intentional act in refusing to further honor the collective bargaining agreement into a negligent one.").
AFFIRMED.