Summary
In Ghany, the plaintiff fell in an open grassy area; in O'Gara, the plaintiff fell on muddy ground exposed to the elements; and in our case, the plaintiff fell on dirt in an open unpaved area exposed to the elements.
Summary of this case from Potenzo v. City of New YorkOpinion
2012-05-31
Khusal GHANY, et al., Plaintiffs–Appellants, v. BC TILE CONTRACTORS, INC., et al., Defendants–Respondents.
Robin Mary Heaney, Rockville Centre, for appellants. Baxter Smith & Shapiro, P.C., White Plains (Sim R. Shapiro of counsel), for BC Tile Contractors, Inc., respondent.
Robin Mary Heaney, Rockville Centre, for appellants. Baxter Smith & Shapiro, P.C., White Plains (Sim R. Shapiro of counsel), for BC Tile Contractors, Inc., respondent.
Burke, Gordon & Conway, White Plains (Michael G. Conway of counsel), for A.F. & Sons, LLC, respondent.
, J.P., ANDRIAS, CATTERSON, MOSKOWITZ, ROMÁN, JJ.
Order, Supreme Court, Bronx County (Betty Owen Stinson, J.), entered on or about December 14, 2010, which granted the motion of defendant A.F. & Sons, LLC and the cross motion of defendant BC Tile Contractors, Inc. (BC Tile) for summary judgment dismissing the complaint and denied plaintiffs' cross motion for partial summary judgment on the issue of liability on their Labor Law § 240(1) claim, unanimously affirmed, without costs.
Plaintiff stonemason alleges that he was injured when he tripped over a small stone while carrying a stone weighing approximately 100 pounds across an open, grassy area. When plaintiff tripped, the stone he was carrying fell upon his knee and wrist. The small stone on which plaintiff tripped was either created during the delivery of the stones to the worksite or when the larger stones were sized by plaintiff and his coworkers.
The motion court properly dismissed the Labor Law § 240(1) cause of action. The record establishes that the impetus for the heavy stone's fall was plaintiff's tripping on ground level, rather than the direct consequence of gravity. Accordingly, the protections of section 240(1) are not implicated ( see Gasques v. State of New York, 15 N.Y.3d 869, 870, 910 N.Y.S.2d 415, 937 N.E.2d 79 [2010];Rodriguez v. Margaret Tietz Ctr. for Nursing Care, 84 N.Y.2d 841, 843–844, 616 N.Y.S.2d 900, 640 N.E.2d 1134 [1994] ).
The court also properly concluded that plaintiff did not have a viable claim under Labor Law § 241(6). The Industrial Code provisions relied upon, 12 NYCRR 23–1.7(d) and 12 NYCRR 23–2.1(a)(1), were inapplicable since the accident occurred in an open, grassy area, rather than a “passageway” or “walkway” ( see Militello v. 45 W. 36th St. Realty Corp., 15 A.D.3d 158, 159–160, 789 N.Y.S.2d 23 [2005];O'Gara v. Humphreys & Harding, 282 A.D.2d 209, 723 N.Y.S.2d 25 [2001];Jennings v. Lefcon Partnership, 250 A.D.2d 388, 389, 673 N.Y.S.2d 85 [1998],lv. denied92 N.Y.2d 819, 685 N.Y.S.2d 421, 708 N.E.2d 178 [1999] ). Moreover, the small stone on which plaintiff allegedly fell was “an unavoidable and inherent result” of the work being performed at the site ( Cabrera v. Sea Cliff Water Co., 6 A.D.3d 315, 316, 776 N.Y.S.2d 541 [2004] ).
The common-law negligence and Labor Law § 200 claims were properly dismissed as against the general contractor, A.F. & Sons, LLC. There is no evidence that this defendant exercised supervision and control over the work or had actual or constructive notice of the alleged defective condition ( see Vaneer v. 993 Intervale Ave. Hous. Dev. Fund Corp., 5 A.D.3d 161, 162–163, 773 N.Y.S.2d 7 [2003] ).
The common-law negligence and Labor Law § 200 claims were also properly dismissed as against B.C. Tile. Labor Law § 200 imposes a duty upon an owner or general contractor to provide construction workers with a safe worksite ( Comes v. New York State Elec. & Gas Corp., 82 N.Y.2d 876, 609 N.Y.S.2d 168, 631 N.E.2d 110 [1993] ).
Plaintiff's claim that B.C. Tile supervised his employer, a nonparty landscaping company, and therefore was a general contractor, was plainly controverted by his admission at deposition that he did not know which entity was responsible for what work ( see e.g. Blackwell v. Fraser, 13 A.D.3d 157, 787 N.Y.S.2d 224 [2004]; Perez v. Bronx Park S. Assoc., 285 A.D.2d 402, 728 N.Y.S.2d 33 [2001],lv. denied97 N.Y.2d 610, 740 N.Y.S.2d 694, 767 N.E.2d 151 [2002] ). Furthermore, both defendants testified that B.C. Tile was merely a subcontractor at the site and that A.F. & Sons, LLC was the general contractor.