Opinion
2014-03-19
Larry ESPIRITU, appellant-respondent, v. SHUTTLE EXPRESS COACH, INC., et al., defendants third-party plaintiffs-respondents-appellants; 85 Adams Street, LLC, third-party defendant-respondent.
F. William Salo, New York, N.Y., for appellant-respondent. Lewis Brisbois Bisgaard & Smith, LLP, New York, N.Y. (Nicholas P. Hurzeler of counsel), for defendants third-party plaintiffs-respondents-appellants.
F. William Salo, New York, N.Y., for appellant-respondent. Lewis Brisbois Bisgaard & Smith, LLP, New York, N.Y. (Nicholas P. Hurzeler of counsel), for defendants third-party plaintiffs-respondents-appellants.
Baxter, Smith & Shapiro, P.C., Hicksville, N.Y. (Anne Marie Garcia of counsel), for third-party defendant-respondent.
MARK C. DILLON, J.P., L. PRISCILLA HALL, LEONARD B. AUSTIN, and SANDRA L. SGROI, JJ.
In an action to recover damages for personal injuries, the plaintiff appeals from an order of the Supreme Court, Kings County (Jacobson, J.), dated March 23, 2012, which granted the motion of the defendants third-party plaintiffs for summary judgment dismissing the complaint and the cross motion of the third-party defendant for summary judgment dismissing the third-party complaint, and the defendants third-party plaintiffs cross-appeal, as limited by their brief, from so much of the same order as granted the cross motion of the third-party defendant for summary judgment dismissing the third-party complaint.
ORDERED that the plaintiff's appeal from so much of the order as granted the third-party defendant's cross motion for summary judgment dismissing the third-party complaint is dismissed, as the plaintiff is not aggrieved by that portion of the order ( seeCPLR 5511; Mixon v. TBV, Inc., 76 A.D.3d 144, 904 N.Y.S.2d 132); and it is further,
ORDERED that the order is reversed, on the law, the defendants third-party plaintiffs' motion for summary judgment is denied, and the cross motion of the third-party defendant for summary judgment is denied; and it is further,
ORDERED that one bill of costs is awarded to the plaintiff payable by the defendants third-party plaintiffs, and one bill of costs is awarded to the defendants third-party plaintiffs payable by the third-party defendants.
The plaintiff was riding his bicycle south on Adams Street in Brooklyn when he was struck on the left side by a private shuttle bus owned by the defendant Shuttle Express Coach, Inc., and operated by the defendant Michael A. Wright. The shuttle bus was traveling west on York Street at the time of the collision. It is undisputed that at the subject intersection, York Street was a one-way street running in a westerly direction, Adams Street was a one-way street running in a northerly direction, and the only traffic control device was a stop sign for north-bound traffic on Adams Street. It is also undisputed that the third-party defendant, 85 Adams Street, LLC, had erected a fence around construction on the northeast corner of the intersection, and the fence extended onto both York Street and Adams Street. At their respective depositions, both the plaintiff and Wright testified that the fence occupied a substantial portion of York Street and prevented each of them from being able to see the intersection clearly before entering it. The Supreme Court granted the defendants' motion for summary judgment dismissing the complaint and the third-party defendant's motion for summary judgment dismissing the third-party complaint on the ground that the plaintiff's negligence was the sole proximate cause of the accident.
Although the plaintiff concedes that he was negligent as a matter of law by traveling the wrong way on Adams Street in violation of Vehicle and Traffic Law § 1127(a) ( seeVehicle and Traffic Law § 1231 [a person riding a bicycle is granted all of the rights and is subject to all of the duties applicable to the driver of a vehicle] ), there can be more than one proximate cause of an accident, and the proponent of a motion for summary judgment has the burden of establishing freedom from comparative fault as a matter of law ( see Thoma v. Ronai, 82 N.Y.2d 736, 737, 602 N.Y.S.2d 323, 621 N.E.2d 690;Antaki v. Mateo, 100 A.D.3d 579, 580, 954 N.Y.S.2d 540;Colpan v. Allied Cent. Ambulette, Inc., 97 A.D.3d 776, 777, 949 N.Y.S.2d 124;Simmons v. Canady, 95 A.D.3d 1201, 1202, 945 N.Y.S.2d 138;Pollack v. Margolin, 84 A.D.3d 1341, 1342, 924 N.Y.S.2d 282;Kim v. Acosta, 72 A.D.3d 648, 648–649, 897 N.Y.S.2d 721).
Here, the defendants failed to make a prima facie showing as a matter of law that Wright was free from any comparative fault in the happening of the accident. There are triable issues of fact as to whether Wright failed to see what was there to be seen through the proper use of his senses ( see Brandt v. Zahner, 110 A.D.3d 752, 974 N.Y.S.2d 482;Colpan v. Allied Cent. Ambulette, Inc., 97 A.D.3d at 777, 949 N.Y.S.2d 124; Topalis v. Zwolski, 76 A.D.3d 524, 525, 906 N.Y.S.2d 317;Tapia v. Royal Tours Serv., Inc., 67 A.D.3d 894, 896, 889 N.Y.S.2d 225), failed to exercise due care to avoid the collision ( seeVehicle and Traffic Law § 1146[a]; Soibov v. Palmer, 102 A.D.3d 951, 952, 958 N.Y.S.2d 597;Matamoro v. City of New York, 94 A.D.3d 722, 941 N.Y.S.2d 684;Bonilla v. Calabria, 80 A.D.3d 720, 915 N.Y.S.2d 615;Todd v. Godek, 71 A.D.3d 872, 895 N.Y.S.2d 861;Tapia v. Royal Tours Serv., Inc., 67 A.D.3d at 895, 889 N.Y.S.2d 225), or was traveling at a reasonable and prudent speed as he approached the intersection in light of the conditions then present ( seeVehicle and Traffic Law § 1180). Accordingly, the Supreme Court should have denied the defendants' motion, regardless of the sufficiency of the plaintiff's opposing papers.
Furthermore, because the third-party defendant submitted no evidence showing that it was free from any comparative fault in the placement of the construction fence, its motion also should have been denied.