Opinion
19357/2012
09-17-2014
Antoinette DRECKETTE, as Administratrix, of the Estate of Samuel Isaiha Dreckette and Antoinette Dreckette, individually, Plaintiff, v. NEW YORK CITY HEALTH AND HOSPITALS CORPORATION, Kings County Hospital Center and Dr. Susan Smith McKinney Nursing Rehabilitation Center, Defendants.
Salvatore J. Russo, General Counsel, New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation, New York City, for defendants. Peter Birzon & Associates, P.C., Jericho (Maureen Quinn of counsel), for plaintiff.
Salvatore J. Russo, General Counsel, New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation, New York City, for defendants.
Peter Birzon & Associates, P.C., Jericho (Maureen Quinn of counsel), for plaintiff.
Opinion
MARSHA L. STEINHARDT, J. Defendants New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation (N.Y.CHHC) s/h/a Kings County Hospital Center and Dr. Susan Smith McKinney Nursing Rehabilitation Center move pursuant to CPLR § 3211(a)(7) for an Order dismissing the action for failure to timely serve a Notice of Claim pursuant to G.M.L. § § 50(e), 50(i) and § 7401 of the Unconsolidated Laws of the State of New York and dismissing the complaint pursuant to CPLR § 3211(a)(5) for failure to comply with the statute of limitations. Plaintiff cross-moves for an Order deeming the Notice of Claim served timely nunc pro tunc upon NYCHHC and opposes defendant's motion. This is an action sounding in medical malpractice arising from treatment rendered to decedent at Kings County Hospital and Dr. Susan Smith McKinney Nursing Rehabilitation Center from September 28, 2010 until his death on December 3, 2010. The action was commenced with the filing of a Summons with Notice on September 27, 2012. Plaintiff e-filed a notice of claim with the Office of the Comptroller on December 21, 2010 and received a receipt acknowledging that the claim was received. Once the administrator for the estate was appointed, plaintiff e-filed a second notice of claim with the Office of the Comptroller. Again, a receipt for the filing was returned in response. Plaintiff claims that the Comptroller's website contains a drop down menu that includes NYCHHC as an agency of the City. Plaintiff claims that she reasonably relied on the website's representation that service of a notice of claim as to NYCHHC could be made by using the Comptroller's online form.
The Court of Appeals has long recognized that the City of New York and NYCHHC are separate entities for purposes of a notice of claim. Bender v. New York City Health & Hosps. Corp., 38 N.Y.2d 662, 382 N.Y.S.2d 18, 345 N.E.2d 561 (1976) ; Scantlebury v. New York City Health and Hospitals Corp., 4 N.Y.3d 606, 797 N.Y.S.2d 394, 830 N.E.2d 292 (2005). Since Kings County Hospital Center and Dr. Susan Smith McKinney Nursing Rehabilitation Center are operated by the defendant NYCHHC, the defendant NYCHHC was the proper party to be served with Notice of Claim. See, McKinney's Uncons. Laws of N.Y. § 7401 [New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation Act § 20 (L. 1969, ch. 1016, § 1) ]; General Municipal Law § 50–e ; Brennan v. City of New York, 59 N.Y.2d 791, 464 N.Y.S.2d 731, 451 N.E.2d 478 (1983). Service of the Notice of Claim on the Comptroller of the City of New York is insufficient to constitute service on the defendant New York City Health and Hospitals Corporation, the proper party to be served. Kroin v. City of New York, 210 A.D.2d 95, 620 N.Y.S.2d 339 (1st Dept.1994) ; Ceely v. New York City Health & Hosps. Corp., 162 A.D.2d 492, 556 N.Y.S.2d 694 (2d Dept.1990) ; Campbell v. City of New York, 203 A.D.2d 504, 611 N.Y.S.2d 248 (2d Dept.1994) ; Scantlebury v. New York City Health and Hospitals Corp., supra . Thus, the Notice of Claim e-filed with the Office of the Comptroller is fatally defective.
Plaintiff, relying on Grskovic v. Holmes, 111 A.D.3d 234, 972 N.Y.S.2d 650 (2d Dept.2013), argues that CPLR § 2001 is available to correct the defect in his e-filing error. In that case, the plaintiff commenced the action in an e-filing practice system and not in the actual system which was set up thereafter. Plaintiff in this case claims that, as in Grskovic, the mistake was caused, in large part, by the glitches in electronic filing and counsel's unfamiliarity with it and proposes that CPLR § 2001 provides a remedy to correct technical errors.
CPLR § 2001 states that
At any stage of an action, including the filing of a summons with notice, summons and complaint or petition to commence an action, the court may permit a mistake, omission, defect or irregularity, including the failure to purchase or acquire an index number or other mistake in the filing process, to be corrected, upon such terms as may be just, or, if a substantial right of a party is not prejudiced, the mistake, omission, defect or irregularity shall be disregarded, provided that any applicable fees shall be paid.
This section allows courts to correct or disregard technical defects, occurring at the commencement of an action that do not prejudice the opposing party. Ruffin v. Lion Corp., 15 N.Y.3d 578, 915 N.Y.S.2d 204, 940 N.E.2d 909 (2010). The provision may not be used to correct defects which relate to actual notice to a defendant, which is more than just a technical irregularity. See, Ruffin v. Lion Corp., supra ; CPLR § 2001. Thus, this section is inapplicable, here,
as the filing defect affects a substantial right of the defendant and is more than a technical irregularity. Furthermore, CPLR § 2001 may be used to correct defects in pleadings, however, a notice of claim is not a pleading but a condition precedent to suit. See, Goldenberg v. Westchester County Health Care Corp., 16 N.Y.3d 323, 328, 921 N.Y.S.2d 619, 946 N.E.2d 717 (2011).
Plaintiff's e-filing upon the Comptroller also cannot be remedied by GML § 50 —e (3)(c), which is the savings provision that may be used to correct certain Notice of Claim defects. The savings provision of General Municipal Law § 50 —e (3)(c) is limited in scope to defects in the manner of serving a Notice of Claim on the correct public entity. Scantlebury v. New York City Health and Hospitals Corp., supra . In Scantlebury, the plaintiff served the Comptroller's office with a Notice of Claim alleging claims against NYCHHC. After reviewing the legislative history of the amended section 50 —e (3)(c), the Court concluded that the section was intended to cure improper methods of service, such as service by ordinary mail, not service on the wrong public entity. Scantlebury at 612, 797 N.Y.S.2d 394, 830 N.E.2d 292 ; see also, Adkins v. City of New York, 43 N.Y.2d 346, 350–351, 401 N.Y.S.2d 469, 372 N.E.2d 311 (1977). “In order for (General Municipal Law § 50–e [3 ][c] ) to apply ... service must have been made on the proper party; service cannot be 'valid' if it was never made.” Scantlebury at 613, 797 N.Y.S.2d 394, 830 N.E.2d 292. In this case, as NYCHHC, the proper party to be served with notice of claim, was never served, the plaintiff cannot avail herself of corrective relief pursuant to GML § 50–e (3)(c).
Plaintiff also argues that she relied on the online receipt she received after filing with the Comptroller's office. She also argues that the drop down menu included NYCHHC as an agency of the City which lulled her into believing that the filing with the Comptroller's office was proper service on NHCHHC. She adds that the “glitch” in the Comptroller's website that listed NYCHHC as one of its agencies was misleading. As she relied on the Comptroller's website to her detriment, she claims that NYCHHC should be estopped from rejecting the filing.
It is well established that equitable estoppel against a public corporation will lie only when the conduct of the public corporation was calculated to, or negligently did, mislead or discourage a party from serving a timely notice of claim, and when that conduct was justifiably relied upon by that party. Dier v. Suffolk County Water Authority, 84 A.D.3d 861, 923 N.Y.S.2d 847 (2d Dept.2011) ; see Bender v. New York City Health & Hosps. Corp., 38 N.Y.2d 662, 382 N.Y.S.2d 18, 345 N.E.2d 561 (1976) ; Dorce v. United Rentals N. Am., Inc., 78 A.D.3d 1110, 1111, 915 N.Y.S.2d 79 (2d Dept.2010) ; Vandermast v. New York City Tr. Auth., 71 A.D.3d 1127, 896 N.Y.S.2d 910 (2d Dept.2010) ; Mohl v. Town of Riverhead, 62 A.D.3d 969, 880 N.Y.S.2d 313 (2d Dept.2009) ; Wade v. New York City Health & Hosps. Corp., 16 A.D.3d 677, 793 N.Y.S.2d 68 (2d Dept.2005). Here, however, equitable estoppel does not apply because defendant NYCHHC did not induce the plaintiff to believe that the filing was proper. Nor did NYCHHC participate in any misleading conduct, affirmative or negligent behavior that plaintiff could have justifiably relied upon. Indeed, there is no evidence that NYCHHC had any involvement with the Comptroller's website. Further, there is no statutory provision for the e-filing of a Notice of Claim upon NYCHHC, which pursuant to statute must be either filed personally, or by registered or certified mail. See. § 7401(2) of the Unconsolidated Laws ; GML § 50 —e(3)(a). In sum, estoppel against NYCHHC is inapplicable and unsupported by the facts in this case.
As plaintiff has failed to file a notice of claim upon NYCHHC and the statutory periods have expired, the Court has no discretion to extend time to serve a late notice of claim for neither pain and suffering or wrongful death claims. Extension of time to serve a notice of claim for pain and suffering must not exceed the one year and ninety days statute of limitations. Pierson v. City of
New York, 56 N.Y.2d 950, 954, 453 N.Y.S.2d 615, 439 N.E.2d 331 (1982). In this case, the year and ninety days expired on or about January 3, 2012. Likewise, the court cannot extend plaintiff's time to file a late notice of claim for wrongful death past the two year statute of limitations which expired on October 3, 2012. See, Jones v. City of New York, 300 A.D.2d 359, 360, 751 N.Y.S.2d 522 (2d Dept.2002).
Accordingly, the action must be dismissed in its entirety, with prejudice.
This constitutes the opinion, decision and order of this court.