Opinion
06-10-2016
Mark DODGE and Kristen Dodge, Plaintiffs–Respondents, v. COUNTY OF ERIE, Defendant–Appellant, et al., Defendants.
Michael A. Siragusa, County Attorney, Buffalo (Thomas J. Navarro of Counsel), for Defendant–Appellant. Rosenthal, Kooshoian & Lennon, LLP, Buffalo (Peter M. Kooshoian of Counsel), for Plaintiffs–Respondents.
Michael A. Siragusa, County Attorney, Buffalo (Thomas J. Navarro of Counsel), for Defendant–Appellant.
Rosenthal, Kooshoian & Lennon, LLP, Buffalo (Peter M. Kooshoian of Counsel), for Plaintiffs–Respondents.
PRESENT: CENTRA, J.P., PERADOTTO, LINDLEY, DeJOSEPH, AND NEMOYER, JJ.
Opinion
MEMORANDUM: The County of Erie (defendant) appeals from an order insofar as it denied that part of its motion for summary judgment dismissing plaintiffs' complaint, which alleges that Mark Dodge (plaintiff) sustained injuries as a result of a motor vehicle collision that occurred on a road owned by defendant. Supreme Court properly denied that part of the motion. Defendant had a duty to maintain its highway and intersection in a condition reasonably safe for motorists (see Friedman v. State of New York, 67 N.Y.2d 271, 283, 502 N.Y.S.2d 669, 493 N.E.2d 893 ; Tomassi v. Town of Union, 46 N.Y.2d 91, 97, 412 N.Y.S.2d 842, 385 N.E.2d 581 ), and that duty was not negated by plaintiff's failure to heed the stop sign controlling his lane of travel and his failure to yield the right-of-way to the other vehicle. The negligence of a plaintiff in violating the rules of the road will not relieve a municipality of liability for its negligence in the design, construction, or maintenance of a highway (see Bottalico v. State of New York, 59 N.Y.2d 302, 306, 464 N.Y.S.2d 707, 451 N.E.2d 454 ; see also Land v. County of Erie, 138 A.D.3d 1462, 1463, 31 N.Y.S.3d 333 ). As we recently concluded in Land, “[n]o meaningful legal distinction can be made between a traveler who uses [an intersection] with justification and one who uses it negligently insofar as such conduct relates to whom a duty is owed to maintain the [intersection]. The comparative fault of the driver, of course, is relevant to apportioning liability” (138 A.D.3d at 1463, 31 N.Y.S.3d 333 [internal quotation marks omitted] ). Here, we conclude that there are triable issues of fact concerning whether defendant was negligent and, if so, whether such negligence was a proximate cause of the accident, or whether plaintiff's negligence in running the stop sign was the sole proximate cause of the accident (see Poveromo v. Town of Cortlandt, 127 A.D.3d 835, 838, 6 N.Y.S.3d 617 ; see also Land, 138 A.D.3d at 1463, 31 N.Y.S.3d 333 ).
We further conclude that defendant failed to establish on its motion its entitlement as a matter of law to the qualified immunity set forth in Weiss v. Fote, 7 N.Y.2d 579, 585, 200 N.Y.S.2d 409, 167 N.E.2d 63, rearg. denied 8 N.Y.2d 934, 204 N.Y.S.2d 1025, 168 N.E.2d 857. Defendant may have demonstrated that the placement of the “stop ahead” sign near the intersection, and possibly also the decision not to reposition the stop sign itself, were the product of an informal study and a resultant plan, but defendant failed to demonstrate that the overall design of the intersection was in fact “ the product of any prior study or plan,” as necessary to be accorded qualified immunity (Brown v. State of New York, 79 A.D.3d 1579, 1582, 914 N.Y.S.2d 512, citing Cummins v. County of Onondaga, 198 A.D.2d 875, 877, 605 N.Y.S.2d 694, affd. 84 N.Y.2d 322, 618 N.Y.S.2d 615, 642 N.E.2d 1071 ). “There is a triable issue of fact concerning whether defendant's [design and maintenance of] the intersection ... was the product of adequate study and a reasonable planning decision ... or instead was negligent” (Drake v. County of Herkimer, 15 A.D.3d 834, 835, 788 N.Y.S.2d 770 ).
We have considered the remaining contention of defendant and conclude that it is without merit.
It is hereby ORDERED that the order so appealed from is unanimously affirmed without costs.