Opinion
2014-05-28
Giacomo DiMAGGIO, et al., appellants, v. Mary CATALETTO, respondent.
Sim & Record, LLP, Bayside, N.Y. (Sang J. Sim of counsel), for appellants. McCabe, Collins, McGeough & Fowler, LLP, Carle Place, N.Y. (Patrick M. Murphy of counsel), for respondent.
Sim & Record, LLP, Bayside, N.Y. (Sang J. Sim of counsel), for appellants. McCabe, Collins, McGeough & Fowler, LLP, Carle Place, N.Y. (Patrick M. Murphy of counsel), for respondent.
REINALDO E. RIVERA, J.P., LEONARD B. AUSTIN, SHERI S. ROMAN, and SYLVIA O. HINDS–RADIX, JJ.
In an action to recover damages for personal injuries, etc., the plaintiffs appeal, as limited by their brief, from so much of an order of the Supreme Court, Nassau County (Winslow, J.), entered August 20, 2012, as granted that branch of the defendant's motion which was for summary judgment dismissing the complaint.
ORDERED that the order is affirmed insofar as appealed from, with costs.
The plaintiff Giacomo DiMaggio (hereinafter the injured plaintiff) allegedly was injured after falling from a ladder which slipped while he was power washing the roof of a single-family residence owned by the defendant. The injured plaintiff, and his wife suing derivatively, commenced this action against the defendant, alleging common-law negligence and violations of Labor Law §§ 200 and 240(1).
Labor Law § 240(1) imposes a nondelegable duty upon owners and contractors to provide safety devices necessary for workers subjected to elevation-related risks in circumstances specified by the statute ( see Soto v. J. Crew Inc., 21 N.Y.3d 562, 566, 976 N.Y.S.2d 421, 998 N.E.2d 1045;Rocovich v. Consolidated Edison Co., 78 N.Y.2d 509, 513, 577 N.Y.S.2d 219, 583 N.E.2d 932). To recover, the plaintiff must have been engaged in a covered activity—“the erection, demolition, repairing, altering, painting, cleaning or pointing of a building or structure” (Labor Law § 240[1]; see Soto v. J. Crew Inc., 21 N.Y.3d at 566, 976 N.Y.S.2d 421, 998 N.E.2d 1045;Panek v. County of Albany, 99 N.Y.2d 452, 457, 758 N.Y.S.2d 267, 788 N.E.2d 616).
The defendant made a prima facie showing of her entitlement to judgment as a matter of law dismissing the cause of action alleging a violation of Labor Law § 240(1) based upon the applicability of the one- and two-family homeowner exemption ( see Dougherty v. O'Connor, 85 A.D.3d 1090, 926 N.Y.S.2d 635;Castellanos v. United Cerebral Palsy Assn. of Greater Suffolk, Inc., 77 A.D.3d 879, 880, 909 N.Y.S.2d 757). The “homeowner's exemption” to liability under Labor Law § 240(1) “is available to ‘owners of one and two-family dwellings who contract for but do not direct or control the work’ ” ( Holifield v. Seraphim, LLC, 92 A.D.3d 841, 842, 940 N.Y.S.2d 100, quoting Labor Law §§ 240[1], 241[6]; see Chowdhury v. Rodriguez, 57 A.D.3d 121, 126, 867 N.Y.S.2d 123). Here, it is undisputed that the defendant's home where the accident occurred is a single-family private residence. The defendant also submitted the parties' deposition testimony and her affidavit establishing, prima facie, that she did not direct or control the method or manner of the work. The defendant's “involvement was merely a retention of the limited power of general supervision, and was no more extensive than would be expected of the typical homeowner who hired a contractor to renovate his or her home” ( Orellana v. Dutcher Ave. Bldrs., Inc., 58 A.D.3d 612, 614, 871 N.Y.S.2d 352 [internal quotation marks omitted]; see Nai Ren Jiang v. Shane Yeh, 95 A.D.3d 970, 971, 944 N.Y.S.2d 200;Jumawan v. Schnitt, 35 A.D.3d 382, 383, 825 N.Y.S.2d 728;Decavallas v. Pappantoniou, 300 A.D.2d 617, 618, 752 N.Y.S.2d 712). Moreover, the defendant did not lose the protection of the statutory exemption by furnishing the ladder, bleach, and hose ( see Facteau v. Allen, 293 A.D.2d 847, 847–848, 740 N.Y.S.2d 518;see also Siconolfi v. Crisci, 11 A.D.3d 600, 601, 783 N.Y.S.2d 627;Miller v. Trudeau, 270 A.D.2d 683, 704 N.Y.S.2d 727;Kammerer v. Baskewicz, 257 A.D.2d 811, 812, 684 N.Y.S.2d 30). In opposition, the plaintiffs failed to raise a triable issue of fact ( see Alvarez v. Prospect Hosp., 68 N.Y.2d 320, 324, 508 N.Y.S.2d 923, 501 N.E.2d 572). Accordingly, the Supreme Court properly granted that branch of the defendant's motion which was for summary judgment dismissing the Labor Law § 240(1) cause of action.
Labor Law § 200 is a codification of the common-law duty of landowners and general contractors to provide workers with a reasonably safe place to work ( see Comes v. New York State Elec. & Gas Corp., 82 N.Y.2d 876, 877, 609 N.Y.S.2d 168, 631 N.E.2d 110;Ross v. Curtis–Palmer Hydro–Elec. Co., 81 N.Y.2d 494, 501–502, 601 N.Y.S.2d 49, 618 N.E.2d 82). “To be held liable under Labor Law § 200 for injuries arising from the manner in which work is performed, a defendant must have ‘authority to exercise supervision and control over the work’ ” ( Rojas v. Schwartz, 74 A.D.3d 1046, 1046, 903 N.Y.S.2d 484, quoting Gallello v. MARJ Distribs., Inc., 50 A.D.3d 734, 735, 855 N.Y.S.2d 602;see Chowdhury v. Rodriguez, 57 A.D.3d at 127–128, 867 N.Y.S.2d 123). Where a plaintiff's injuries arise not from the manner in which the work was performed, but from a dangerous condition on the premises, a defendant may be liable under Labor Law § 200 if it “ ‘either created the dangerous condition that caused the accident or had actual or constructive notice of the dangerous condition’ ” ( Rojas v. Schwartz, 74 A.D.3d at 1047, 903 N.Y.S.2d 484, quoting Ortega v. Puccia, 57 A.D.3d 54, 61, 866 N.Y.S.2d 323). When an accident is alleged to involve defects in both the premises and the equipment used at the work site, a defendant moving for summary judgment with respect to causes of action alleging a violation of Labor Law § 200 is obligated to address the proof applicable to both liability standards ( see Reyes v. Arco Wentworth Mgt. Corp., 83 A.D.3d 47, 52, 919 N.Y.S.2d 44). A defendant moving for summary judgment in such a case may prevail “only when the evidence exonerates it as a matter of law for all potential concurrent causes of the plaintiff's accident and injury, and when no triable issue of fact is raised in opposition as to either relevant liability standard” ( id. at 52, 919 N.Y.S.2d 44).
Here, the defendant established, prima facie, both that she did not create or have actual or constructive notice of the alleged condition which caused the injured plaintiff's injury, and that she did not have the authority to supervise or control the means and methods of the injured plaintiff's work ( see generally id.; Chowdhury v. Rodriguez, 57 A.D.3d at 128, 867 N.Y.S.2d 123). In opposition, the plaintiffs failed to raise a triable issue of fact. Accordingly, the Supreme Court properly granted that branch of the defendant's motion which was for summary judgment dismissing the causes of action based on an alleged violation of Labor Law § 200 and common-law negligence.